Rahimkhan Chalabianloo | |
---|---|
Personal details | |
Died | September 1911 |
Military career | |
Allegiance | Qajar Iran |
Rank | General |
Commands | Royal Guards |
Rahimkhan Chalabianloo or Rahim Khan Chalabianlu, [1] [2] was a government official in power around the turn of the 19th century in Iran. He was from the Chalabianlu tribe and executed in 1911. [3] [4]
According to the official documents Rahim Khan's ancestors had been exiled to the north of Arasbaran region by advancing Russian forces during the Russo-Persian War (1826–28). [5] Rahim Khan served as an Army General during the era of Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar. [6] During the brief reign of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar, Rahim Khan as the commander of the Royal Guards was a close confidant of the king. [7] Rahim Khan was imprisoned after the revolutionary parliament accused his son for orchestrating the massacre of 200 peasants in Arasbaran. [8] However, after he pretended switching sides, government dispatched him to fight a Kurdish rebellion in the West Azerbaijan province. Rahim Khan started anti-revolutionary activities as soon as he reached Ardabil and scored significant victories and completed the conquest of northeastern Azerbaijan. [9] The revolutionary government in Tehran dispatched a well equipped force under the command of Yeprem Khan, which defeated Rahim Khan by the end of December 1909. Rahim Khan sought asylum in Russia. [10]
In January 1911 Raḥīm Khan returned to Iran. He was soon lured to Tabrīz by the leaders of the provincial anjoman. There, first he was placed under police surveillance and, later, was incarcerated in the Ark. Finally, in September 1911, he was secretly executed during Moḥammad-ʿAlī Shah's unsuccessful attempt to reestablish himself in power. [4]
Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, also known by his regnal name of Agha Mohammad Shah, was the founder of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, ruling from 1789 to 1797 as Shah. Originally a chieftain of the Quwanlu branch of the Qajar tribe, Agha Mohammad Khan was enthroned as the king of Iran in 1789, but was not officially crowned until March 1796, having deposed Lotf Ali Khan of the Zand dynasty in 1794. Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar was famously the eunuch Monarch, being castrated as a toddler upon his capture by Adel Shah Afshar, and hence was childless. He was assassinated on 17 June 1797, and was succeeded by his nephew, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar.
Sattar Khan, honorarily titled Sardār-e Melli was a pivotal figure in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution and is considered a national hero by the Iranian people.
The Nakhichevan Khanate was a khanate under Iranian suzerainty, which controlled the city of Nakhichevan and its surroundings from 1747 to 1828.
Yeprem Khan, born Yeprem Davidyan, was an Iranian-Armenian member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF), revolutionary leader and a leading figure in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran.
Ahar is a city in the Central District of Ahar County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Ahar was the capital of Karadag Khanate in 18th and 19th centuries.
The Karai, Qarai, or Qara ("Black") Tartars are a Turkic tribe found in Khorasan, Azerbaijan, Kerman, and Fars.
The Persian Constitutional Revolution, also known as the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, took place between 1905 and 1911 during the Qajar dynasty. The revolution led to the establishment of a parliament in Persia (Iran), and has been called an "epoch-making episode in the modern history of Persia".
Fath-Ali Khan Afshar, was a chieftain from the Afshar tribe of Urmia, and one of the four contenders for supremacy in Iran between 1751–1763. He was ultimately defeated and captured in February 1763 by one of the contenders, the Zand ruler Karim Khan Zand. The latter had Fath-Ali Khan executed the following year, in July 1764.
Mohammad Salehu is a village in Garamduz Rural District, Garamduz District, Khoda Afarin County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 419, in 78 families. The village is populated by the Kurdish Chalabianlu tribe.
Aliverdi Owshaqi is a village in Bastamlu Rural District of the Central District of Khoda Afarin County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.
Qareh Pachanlu is a village in Bastamlu Rural District, in the Central District of Khoda Afarin County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 47, in 11 families. The village is populated by the Kurdish Chalabianlu tribe.
Sam Khan, the headman of Haji-Alilu tribe of Arasbaran, was a legendary military commander in early twentieth century. He was given honorary titles such as Arshad Nezam, Sardar Arshad, Shoja Nezam, Salar Nezam, and Amir Arshad. In Chronicles of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar era, Amir Arshad is referred to as the commander of mounted troops stationed in Qaradağ. Amir Arshad and his brother, Moḥammad Ḥosayn Khan Sardār(-e) Ashayer, supported the Constitutionalists during Persian Constitutional Revolution. In the winter of 1909-10, they helped revolutionary forces crush the Chalabianlu and their allies, who, under the leadership of Rahimkhan Chalabianloo, had been the major supporters of the deposed Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar. Consequently, in 1911-1920 period, Amir Arshad was effectively ruling Arasbaran region, a vast area north of Tabriz.
Chalabianlu is a Turkophone Kurdish tribe, dwelling for the most part in the Garamduz District of Arasbaran region, in East Azerbaijan Province of Iran.
Haji-Alilu is one on the six major Tribes of Arasbaran. It is a Turkic tribe with two branches; one dwelling in the vicinity of Maragheh, and main branch lives north of Varzaqan and Ahar in the Qarājadāḡ region of East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. In the wake of Russo-Persian War (1804–13) Haji-Alilu comprised 800 tents. During Persian Constitutional Revolution, the tribe's head, Amir Arshad, supported the revolutionary forces against the Chalabianlu tribe and their allies, who, under the leadership of Rahimkhan Chalabianloo, had been the major supporters of the deposed Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar.
Arasbaran, also known as Karadagh in Azerbaijani language (قرهداغ), is a vast mountainous area in the north of East Azarbaijan Province in Iran. In this area there were several Turkic tribes, including the Beghdillu, Haji-Alilu, Hoseynaklu, Hasanbeyglu, Ilyaskhanlu, Tokhmaqlu, Bayburdlu and Qaradaghlu. All of these tribes are now sedentary, but characteristic aspects of their culture, developed around nomadic pastoralism, have persisted to our times.
Mohammad Khanlu (Moḥammad-Ḵānlū) is one of the six major Tribes of Arasbaran. It is a Turkicized Kurdish tribe dwelling for the most part in the Arasbaran region, in East Azerbaijan province of Iran. Its summer quarters were around Marzrud and its winter quarters were around Heydarkanlu village of Khoda Afarin County. According to A. Lampton, in Arasbaran the pasturage belonged to Khans, who also owned arable land in winter quarters.
The Tabriz Khanate was a Caucasian Khanate from 1757 to 1799, centered around Tabriz and led by members of the Turkified Kurdish Donboli tribe.
The Khoy Khanate, also known as the Principality of Donboli, was a hereditary Kurdish khanate around Khoy and Salmas in Iran ruled by the Donboli tribe from 1210 until 1799. The khanate has been described as the most powerful khanate in the region during the second half of the 18th century. The official religion of this principality was originally Yezidism, until some rulers eventually converted to Islam. The principality has its origins under the Ayyubid dynasty and was ultimately dissolved in 1799 by Abbas Mirza. During this period, the status of principality oscillated between autonomous and independent.
The Triumph of Tehran refers to the entrance of the pro-constitutionalists in Tehran on 13 July 1909, which led Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar to seek refuge at the Russian legation in Tehran, before he was sent in exile. The event ended the period in Iranian history known as the minor tyranny.
Kalb-Ali Khan Kangarlu was the khan (governor) of the Nakhichevan Khanate from 1787 to 1809. Since the death of the Iranian king (shah) Nader Shah in 1747, Kalb-Ali's family—which was part of the Kangarlu tribe—had been in control of Nakhichevan. His father, Heydar Qoli Khan, was the one who had established control. The Kangarlu were a branch of the Turkoman Ustajlu tribe, which was part of the Qizilbash tribal confederacy.
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