| Ranita Dorada Amphibian Reserve | |
|---|---|
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources) | |
| Location |  Colombia Tolima |
| Nearest city | Frias |
| Coordinates | 5°01′S75°02′W / 5.017°S 75.033°W |
| Area | 1.14931 km2 (0.44 sq mi) |
| Established | 2008 |
The Ranita Dorada Reserve, Ranita Dorada Amphibian Reserve, or Reserva Ranita Dorada is a wildlife preserve in Colombia's Tolima district. It is a small patch of cloud forest. [1] [2] [3]
IUCN Netherlands, Dendrobatidae Nederland, and Conservation International and Netherlands Postcode Lottery established the reserve in 2008. Its purpose was to preserve two species of poison dart frog, Andinobates dorisswansonae and Andinobates tolimense , but many other vulnerable, endangered, and common animals also live there. [1] [2]
Many plants and animals live in the reserve, for example birds, mammals, snakes, and frogs. [1]
Residents of the reserve include the following:
This reserve is located in Tolima, Colombia between 1580 and 1900 meters above sea level. It is 284 acres in size. It is classified as a lower montane wet forest, or cloud forest. The annual rainfall ranges between 2,000 and 2,500 mm per annum and the temperature between 15 and 22 °C. [1] [4]
The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae, native to the Central American Rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active their blood makes them visible; when sleeping most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, feeding on small insects and only coming out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. However, climate change and habitat fragmentation has been threatening the survival rates of the family.
Centrolene antioquiensis, commonly known as the Antioquia giant glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae that is endemic to Colombia. Water pollution from agriculture, and more locally deforestation, threatens this species.
"Centrolene" medemi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. The species occurs in the Cordillera Oriental in the Tolima, Caquetá, and Putumayo Departments in Colombia and adjacent Napo in Ecuador. The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain. The specific name medemi honors Fred Medem, collector of the holotype. Common name Medem giant glass frog has been coined for it.
"Centrolene" petrophilum is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. Also called the Boyaca Giant Glass Frog.
Centrolene prosoblepon is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, commonly known as the emerald glass frog or Nicaragua giant glass frog. This species can be found in Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Its natural habitats are lowland tropical forests and montane cloud forests. It is a nocturnal species occurring in low vegetation in mature forests only. It is not considered threatened overall by the IUCN although deforestation and pollution are potential threats, as is chytridiomycosis.
"Centrolene" robledoi" is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Sachatamia punctulata is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Central, Colombia, in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, and Tolima. Its natural habitats are tropical humid and sub-Andean forests along streams at elevations of 360–1,100 m (1,180–3,610 ft) above sea level. It is restricted to forest remnants that are surrounded by inhospitable agricultural habitat matrix. As a result, it is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. The frog's range includes at least one protected park, including the Ranita Dorada Amphibian Reserve.
Nymphargus rosada is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central. Its natural habitats are sub-Andean forests alongside streams. It is threatened by habitat fragmentation and loss caused by agricultural expansion, timber extraction, and water pollution.
Rulyrana susatamai is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern flank of the Cordillera Central, Colombia, in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Huila, and Tolima.
Craugastor raniformis is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Colombia and Panama. It is a reasonably common species found in humid lowland and montane forests up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) asl. It is also common in wet pastureland. Furthermore, it is one of the dominant frogs in abandoned mixed farming areas in the coastal Pacific rainforests in Colombia. This adaptable species is not considered threatened.
Pristimantis fallax is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Pristimantis penelopus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss. Habitat loss includes cutting down trees and wildfires.
Lozano's salamander or the Rioi La Miel mushroomtongue salamander is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae. It is endemic to Colombia.
Andinobates dorisswansonae, the dotted poison frog, is a species of amphibian in the family Dendrobatidae, endemic to Colombia in the outskirts of Falan and north of the department of Tolima. It is toxic to humans.
Andinobates tolimensis, the Tolimense poison frog, is a species of amphibian in the family Dendrobatidae, endemic to Colombia in the outskirts of Falan and north of the department of Tolima. Previously it was included in the genus Ranitomeya, but was reclassified in Andinobates, along with 11 other species. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is toxic to humans and when captured will excrete a milky substance.
Andinobates daleswansoni is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Colombia.