Everett McKinley Dirksen was an American politician. A Republican,he represented Illinois in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. As Senate Minority Leader from 1959 until his death in 1969,he played a highly visible and key role in the politics of the 1960s. He helped write and pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968,both landmark pieces of legislation during the civil rights movement. He was also one of the Senate's strongest supporters of the Vietnam War. A talented orator with a florid style and a notably rich bass voice,he delivered flamboyant speeches that caused his detractors to refer to him as "The Wizard of Ooze".
Howard Henry Baker Jr. was an American politician,diplomat and photographer who served as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1967 to 1985. During his tenure,he rose to the rank of Senate Minority Leader and then Senate Majority Leader. A member of the Republican Party,Baker was the first Republican to be elected to the U.S. Senate in Tennessee since the Reconstruction era.
Samuel Taliaferro Rayburn was an American politician who served as the 43rd speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was a three-time House speaker,former House majority leader,two-time House minority leader,and a 24-term congressman,representing Texas's 4th congressional district as a Democrat from 1913 to 1961. He holds the record for the longest tenure as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives,serving for over 17 years.
Elaine Folk Marshall is an American attorney and politician who has served as the North Carolina Secretary of State since 1997. A member of the Democratic Party,she is the first woman to be elected to statewide office in North Carolina. Marshall was also the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for the United States Senate seat then held by Republican Richard Burr in the 2010 election. In 2020,Marshall was re-elected to a seventh term as North Carolina Secretary of State with 51.16 percent of the vote.
In American politics the Southern strategy was a Republican Party electoral strategy to increase political support among white voters in the South by appealing to racism against African Americans. As the civil rights movement and dismantling of Jim Crow laws in the 1950s and 1960s visibly deepened existing racial tensions in much of the Southern United States,Republican politicians such as presidential candidate Richard Nixon and Senator Barry Goldwater developed strategies that successfully contributed to the political realignment of many white,conservative voters in the South who had traditionally supported the Democratic Party. It also helped to push the Republican Party much more to the right relative to the 1950s. By winning all of the South a presidential candidate could obtain the presidency with minimal support elsewhere.
The 101st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government,composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington,D.C.,from January 3,1989,to January 3,1991,during the final weeks of Ronald Reagan's presidency and the first two years of George H. W. Bush's presidency.
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress,which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprises the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. Like its counterpart,the Senate was established by the United States Constitution and convened for its first meeting on March 4,1789 at Federal Hall in New York City. The history of the institution begins prior to that date,at the 1787 Constitutional Convention,in James Madison's Virginia Plan,which proposed a bicameral national legislature,and in the controversial Connecticut Compromise,a 5–4 vote that gave small-population states disproportionate power in the Senate.
The 112th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government,from January 3,2011,until January 3,2013. It convened in Washington,D.C.,on January 3,2011,and ended on January 3,2013,17 days before the end of the presidential term to which Barack Obama was elected in 2008. Senators elected to regular terms in 2006 completed those terms in this Congress. This Congress included the last House of Representatives elected from congressional districts that were apportioned based on the 2000 census.
The curator of the United States Senate is responsible for the care of the Senate collection of art and artifacts. The current curatress of the Senate is Melinda K. Smith.
The historian of the United States Senate heads the United States Senate Historical Office,which was created in 1975 to record and preserve historical information about the United States Senate. The current historian of the Senate is Katherine A. Scott.
Robert Gene Baker was an American political adviser to Lyndon B. Johnson,and an organizer for the Democratic Party. He became the Senate's Secretary to the Majority Leader. In 1963,he resigned during an investigation by the Democratic-controlled Senate into his business and political activities. The investigation included allegations of bribery and arranging sexual favors in exchange for Congressional votes and government contracts. The Senate investigation looked into the financial activities of Baker and Lyndon Johnson during the 1950s. The investigation of Lyndon Johnson as part of the Baker investigation was later dropped after President Kennedy's assassination and Johnson's ascension to the presidency.
Richard R. Tisei is an American politician and real estate agent from Massachusetts. A Republican,he served in both chambers of the Massachusetts General Court for a combined 26 years,eventually becoming Minority Leader in the Massachusetts Senate. He was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 2010 and the nominee for Congress from Massachusetts's 6th district in 2012 and 2014.
Donald A. Ritchie is Historian Emeritus of the United States Senate.
The presidency of James Buchanan began on March 4,1857,when James Buchanan was inaugurated as 15th president of the United States,and ended on March 4,1861. Buchanan,a Democrat from Pennsylvania,took office as the 15th United States president after defeating John C. Frémont of the Republican Party and former President Millard Fillmore of the American Party in the 1856 presidential election. He declined to seek re-election and was succeeded by Republican Abraham Lincoln.
Neil MacNeil was an American journalist.
The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress,with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together,they comprise the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The House is charged with the passage of federal legislation,known as bills;those that are also passed by the Senate are sent to the president for signature or veto. The House's exclusive powers include initiating all revenue bills,impeaching federal officers,and electing the president if no candidate receives a majority of votes in the Electoral College.
The 2004 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania was held on November 2,2004. Incumbent Republican Senator Arlen Specter won re-election to a fifth term. As of 2024,this is the last time a Republican statewide candidate won Montgomery and Delaware Counties and won more than 25% of the vote in Philadelphia. Specter later lost renomination in 2010 as a Democrat,having joined the party in April 2009. Specter’s party switch marked the first time since 1947 that Democrats held both of Pennsylvania’s U.S. Senate seats.
James Buchanan Jr. was the 15th president of the United States,serving from 1857 to 1861. Buchanan also served as the secretary of state from 1845 to 1849 and represented Pennsylvania in both houses of the U.S. Congress. He was an advocate for states' rights,particularly regarding slavery,and minimized the role of the federal government preceding the Civil War.
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress. The United States Senate and the lower chamber of Congress,the United States House of Representatives,comprise the federal bicameral legislature of the United States. Together,the Senate and the House have the authority under Article One of the U.S. Constitution to pass or defeat federal legislation. The Senate has exclusive power to confirm U.S. presidential appointments to high offices,approve or reject treaties,and try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate and the House provide a check and balance on the powers of the executive and judicial branches of government.
