Richard Popplewell Pullan was an architect and brother-in-law of William Burges.[1] He is known for his work in archaeology including the discovery of the Lion of Knidos.
Life
Pullan was born at Knaresborough on 27 March 1825. He was articled to Richard Lane in Manchester and in 1853 he worked with Sir Matthew Digby Wyatt on the Medieval court at the Great Exhibition.[1] In 1855, he was placed second in the competition for Lille Cathedral,[1] a competition Burges also entered.
Pullan's sketch of what it would have looked like when it was first built. It is 18 metres high and faced in marble. The lion weighs 6 tons.
The Lion of Knidos was found in 1858 by Pullan as he walked the cliffs near where he was helping Charles Thomas Newton to excavate the ancient Greek city of Knidos.[2] Royal Engineer Robert Murdoch Smith was given the task of assisting. He was presented with the lion statue that had fallen onto its front face. The limestone core of the monument was still there but the marble cladding and other details had either been stolen or lay around where it had fallen. Smith was able to replace and move each of the remaining stones[3] which allowed the engineer to write a detailed report on the structure.[4] Pullan created an orthographic drawing of the building. It is thought to be a good reproduction of what the whole structure would have looked like.[3] The Lion of Knidos was loaded onto the naval ship HMS Supply and shipped to London. It is now in the British Museum.[2]
Pullan had an office at 15 Clifford's Inn London and entered many of the major competitions of the later Victorian period, without success. He earned a living by lecturing and authoring, writing a number of books on his travels in the Middle East[5] and on architecture, including Elementary lectures on Christian architecture.[6] On Burges's' death in 1881 the Pullans inherited The Tower House in Kensington, Burges's own home.[1] In the following years, Pullan worked with a number of Burges's team, including John Starling Chapple and William Frame to complete some of Burges's unfinished works, including Cardiff Castle and Castell Coch, the fantasy palaces Burges had begun for John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute.[1]
Pullan also authored two studies of Burges's work, The House of W. Burges, A.R.A., in 1886 and Architectural Designs of W. Burges, in 1887.[1]
Knidos or Cnidus was a Greek city of ancient Caria and part of the Dorian Hexapolis, in south-western Asia Minor, modern-day Turkey. It was situated on the Datça peninsula, which forms the southern side of the Sinus Ceramicus, now known as Gulf of Gökova. By the 4th century BC, Knidos was located at the site of modern Tekir, opposite Triopion Island. But earlier, it was probably at the site of modern Datça.
Sir John Soane was an English architect who specialised in the Neo-Classical style. The son of a bricklayer, he rose to the top of his profession, becoming professor of architecture at the Royal Academy and an official architect to the Office of Works. He received a knighthood in 1831.
Richard George Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside is an Italian-British architect noted for his modernist and functionalist designs in high-tech architecture.
The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its charter granted in 1837 and Supplemental Charter granted in 1971.
Sir Charles Thomas Newton was a British archaeologist. He was made KCB in 1887.
William Burges was an English architect and designer. Among the greatest of the Victorian art-architects, he sought in his work to escape from both nineteenth-century industrialisation and the Neoclassical architectural style and re-establish the architectural and social values of a utopian medieval England. Burges stands within the tradition of the Gothic Revival, his works echoing those of the Pre-Raphaelites and heralding those of the Arts and Crafts movement.
William Richard Lethaby was an English architect and architectural historian whose ideas were highly influential on the late Arts and Crafts and early Modern movements in architecture, and in the fields of conservation and art education.
The Tower House, 29 Melbury Road, is a late-Victorian townhouse in the Holland Park district of Kensington and Chelsea, London, built by the architect and designer William Burges as his home. Designed between 1875 and 1881, in the French Gothic Revival style, it was described by the architectural historian J. Mordaunt Crook as "the most complete example of a medieval secular interior produced by the Gothic Revival, and the last". The house is built of red brick, with Bath stone dressings and green roof slates from Cumbria, and has a distinctive cylindrical tower and conical roof. The ground floor contains a drawing room, a dining room and a library, while the first floor has two bedrooms and an armoury. Its exterior and the interior echo elements of Burges's earlier work, particularly the McConnochie House in Cardiff and Castell Coch. It was designated a Grade I listed building in 1949.
Félix Marie Charles Texier was a French historian, architect and archaeologist. Texier published a number of significant works involving personal travels throughout Asia Minor and the Middle East. These books included descriptions and maps of ancient sites, reports of regional geography and geology, descriptions of art works and architecture, et al.
Pullen is an uncommon English surname with a purported Norman origin.
The Animal Wall is a sculptured wall depicting 15 animals in the Castle Quarter of the city centre of Cardiff, Wales. It stands to the west of the entrance to Cardiff Castle, having been moved from its original position in front of the castle in the early 1930s. The design for the wall was conceived by William Burges, architect to the third Marquess of Bute, during Burges's reconstruction of the castle in the 1860s, but it was not executed until the late 1880s/early 1890s. This work, which included the original nine animal sculptures, all undertaken by Burges's favourite sculptor, Thomas Nicholls, was carried out under the direction of William Frame, who had previously assisted Burges at both Cardiff Castle and at Castell Coch. When the wall was moved in the early 20th century, the fourth Marquess commissioned Alexander Carrick to carve a further six sculptures to sit on the extended wall which now fronted Bute Park. The Animal Wall is a Grade I listed structure.
Willey Reveley (1760–1799) was an 18th-century English architect, born at Newton Underwood near Morpeth, Northumberland. He was a pupil of Sir William Chambers, and was trained at the Royal Academy Schools. In 1781-2 he was employed as assistant clerk of works at Somerset House.
Richard Lane was an English architect of the early and mid-19th century. Born in London and based in Manchester, he was known in great part for his restrained and austere Greek-inspired classicism. He also designed a few buildings – mainly churches – in the Gothic style. He was also known for masterplanning and designing many of the houses in the exclusive Victoria Park estate.
Ian Dennis Jenkins was a Senior Curator at the British Museum who was an expert on ancient Greece and specialised in ancient Greek sculpture. Jenkins published a number of books and over a hundred articles. He led the British Museum's excavations at Cnidus and was involved in the debate over the ownership of the Elgin Marbles.
John Starling Chapple (1840–1922) was a stonemason and architect who worked as office manager for William Burges.
The Lion of Knidos is the name for a colossal ancient Greek statue that was first seen by British archaeologists in 1858 near the ancient port of Knidos, south-west Asia Minor. Soon after it was seen by British archaeologists, the statue was removed to London where it became part of the British Museum's collection. Although there is some debate about the age of the sculpture, in general, scholarly opinion dates it to the 2nd century BC. Since 2000, it has been prominently displayed on a plinth under the roof of the Queen Elizabeth II Great Court.
Major General Sir Robert Murdoch Smith KCMG FRSE was a Scottish engineer, archaeologist and diplomat. He is known for his involvement with the excavation of antiquities found at Knidos and Cyrene, the telegraph to Iran, Persian antiquities bought for the Victoria and Albert Museum, and for serving as Director of the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art.
The Zodiac settle is a piece of painted furniture designed by the English architect and designer William Burges and made between 1869 and 1871. A wooden settle designed with Zodiac themes, it was made for Burges' rooms at Buckingham Street, and later moved to the drawing room of The Tower House, the home that he designed for himself in Holland Park. Burges desired to fill his home with furniture "covered with paintings, both ornaments and subjects; it not only did its duty as furniture, but spoke and told a story." At one stage the poet John Betjeman gave the settle to the novelist Evelyn Waugh, and it is now in the collection of The Higgins Art Gallery & Museum in Bedford.
Sir John Kelk, 1st Baronet was a British Conservative Party politician, builder and public works contractor.
Pisindelis, ruled c.460–450 BCE, was a tyrant of Caria, from its capital Halicarnassus, under the Achaemenid Empire. He was the son of Artemisia I of Caria, and part of the Lygdamid dynasty.
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