Roman Palestine was a period in the history of Palestine characterised by Roman rule in the Palestine region. Historians typically trace the period from the Hasmonean civil war in 63 BCE up until the beginning of the Byzantine rule with the consolidation of Constantine's rule in 324 CE. [1] The Roman period can be subdivided into early and late phases, transitioning at either the First Jewish–Roman War c. 70 CE or the Bar Kokhba Revolt c. 135 CE. [2] [3] [ dubious – discuss ]
During this period, Palestine went through a series of administrative changes, beginning as a series of Roman client states under the Judean Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties before being gradually annexed into the Roman Empire as the fully incorporated Roman province of Judaea, as well as the Nabatean Kingdom in the peripherial areas. After 135 CE, Roman Palestine was re-organised into the Roman province of Syria Palaestina. [4]