History | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Name: | Royal Sovereign |
Builder: | Whitby |
Launched: | 1829 |
General characteristics | |
Type: | Barque |
Tons burthen: | 336 ton (bm) |
Propulsion: | Sail |
Royal Sovereign was a 336-ton merchant ship built at Whitby, England in 1829. She made one voyage transporting convicts from England to Australia and one voyage from Ireland to Australia.
Whitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in the Scarborough borough of North Yorkshire, England. Situated on the east coast of Yorkshire at the mouth of the River Esk, Whitby has a maritime, mineral and tourist heritage. Its East Cliff is home to the ruins of Whitby Abbey, where Cædmon, the earliest recognised English poet, lived. The fishing port emerged during the Middle Ages, supporting important herring and whaling fleets, and was where Captain Cook learned seamanship. Tourism started in Whitby during the Georgian period and developed with the arrival of the railway in 1839. Its attraction as a tourist destination is enhanced by the proximity of the high ground of the North York Moors national park and the heritage coastline and by association with the horror novel Dracula. Jet and alum were mined locally, and Whitby Jet, which was mined by the Romans and Victorians, became fashionable during the 19th century.
On her first convict voyage, under the command of John Henderson and surgeon Peter Leonard, she departed Dublin, Ireland on 6 September 1833, with 170 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 19 January 1834. There were two convict deaths en route. The second convict voyage, under the command of John Moncrief and surgeon Francis Logan, she departed England on 29 July 1835 with 170 male convicts. She arrived in Sydney on 12 December 1835 and had one convict death en route.
Dublin is the capital of, and largest city in, Ireland. It is on the east coast of Ireland, in the province of Leinster, at the mouth of the River Liffey, and is bordered on the south by the Wicklow mountains. It has an urban area population of 1,173,179, while the population of the Dublin Region, as of 2016, was 1,347,359, and the population of the Greater Dublin area was 1,904,806.
Asia was a merchant ship launched at Calcutta in 1815 for Charles Hackett. She made four voyages transporting convicts from Great Britain to Australia, and two voyages under charter to the British East India Company (EIC) between 1826-1830. She was hulked or broken up c.1860.
Earl Grey was a merchant ship built at Newcastle upon Tyne, England in 1835. She made four voyages transporting convicts from Great Britain to Australia.
Dunvegan Castle was a merchant ship built at Chittagong in 1819. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. She also transported troops at least twice, once to Burma (1824) and once to Spain (1835). She was lost in 1837.
Burrell was a merchant ship built at Newcastle in 1825. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia.
Neptune was a merchant ship built at Whitby, England in 1810. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia before she was broken up in 1821.
Norfolk was built at Littlehampton, England in 1814. She was originally a West Indiaman, and then sailed to India and Quebec. She made four voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia, one voyage from Ireland to Australia and one from Madras and Mauritius to Australia. She was wrecked on 7 July 1837.
Waterloo was a merchant ship built at Bristol, England in 1815. On her first voyage she suffered a short-lived mutiny. She then made one voyage under charter to the British East India Company (EIC). She made four voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia, and two voyages from Ireland to Australia. On her seventh convict voyage Waterloo wrecked on 28 August 1842 in Table Bay with great loss of life.
Royal Admiral was a 414-ton timber three-masted barque, built at King's Lynn, England in 1828 and used as a merchant ship. Royal Admiral first served for trade to India. She subsequently sailed to Australia on four occasions carrying convicts, from Portsmouth to Port Jackson in 1830, from Dublin to Port Jackson in 1833 and 1834, and from Woolwich to Hobart Town in 1842.
Recovery was a merchant ship built at Batavia in 1799 and taken in prize c.1811. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia and one voyage from Ireland to Australia. She also made two voyages for the British East India Company (EIC). She was last listed in 1847.
Florentia was a 453-ton merchant ship built at Newcastle upon Tyne, England in 1821. She made one voyage transporting convicts from England to Australia and one voyage from Ireland to Australia. She made three voyages for the British East India Company (EIC).
Clyde was a merchant ship built at Greenock, Scotland in 1820. She made two voyages for the British East India Company (EIC). She then made three voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. She was last listed in 1845.
Captain Cook was a 452-ton merchant ship built at Whitby, England in 1826. She made three voyages transporting convicts from Ireland and England to Australia.
Earl St. Vincent was a merchant ship built at Topsham, England in 1800. Between 1818 and 1823 she made three voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia.
Eden was a 513-ton merchant ship built upon the Thames River, England in 1826. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia.
Edward was a 406-ton merchant ship built at Bristol, England in 1806. She made two voyages transporting convicts from Ireland to Australia.
Eliza was a merchant ship built in Java, Netherlands East Indies, in 1815. She was registered at Calcutta in 1818. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia. She was last listed in Lloyd's Register in 1848.
Eliza was a merchant ship built in British India, probably in 1804. Between 1819 and 1831 she made five voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. In between, she also made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC). Her crew abandoned her at sea in 1836 as she was leaking uncontrollably.
Isabella was a merchant ship built on the Thames, England, and launched in 1818. She made six voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. In between, she made one round trip to China for the British East India Company (EIC). From her launch to 1834 she was a Licensed Ship; that is, she traded with India and the Far East under a license from the EIC. From 1848 on served in the North America trade. She is last listed in 1850.
Hooghly was a full-rigged merchant ship built on the Thames, England, and launched in 1819. She made two voyages under charter to the British East India Company (EIC), four voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia, as well as voyages transporting emigrants to South Australia between 1839-1856. Around 1858 she was re-rigged as a barque. She sank off Algiers in 1863.
Henry Wellesley was a 304-ton barque sailing ship built in 1804 by Bacon, Harvey & Company at Calcutta, British India. She was wrecked near Calais in 1841.
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier which is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency.