Ruth Abraha | |
---|---|
Born | 1989 (age 31–32) |
Origin | Asmara, Eritrea |
Genres | Eritrean music |
Occupation(s) | Vocalist |
Ruth Abraha, also known as Rutta Abraha (born 1989), is a singer from Eritrea. She is the lead singer of the group Wari. [1]
Abraha's style has been described as a combination of Helen Meles, Elsa Kidane, and Gual Ankere. As of 2011, she was dominating the Eritrean music scene. The Ethiopian Review described her as "the hottest singer in the Horn of Africa right now". [2] Abraha's fans call her "Ruta Shikor". With a relaxed, stylish persona, she presents an ideal of modern Eritrea. [3]
Abraha was one of the performers at the 5th Eri Youth Festival, held in the SAWA Defence Training Center, Eritrea on 13–15 July 2012. [4] [5] Other acts at the festival included the Eriam Sisters and Helen Meles. [6] [7]
The Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) are the combined military forces of Eritrea composed of three branches: Eritrean Army, Eritrean Air Force and Eritrean Navy. The Army is by far the largest, followed by the Air Force and Navy. The Commander-in-Chief of the EDF is the President of Eritrea. Their military role stems from Eritrea's strategic geographical location, located on the Red Sea with a foothold on the Bab-el-Mandeb strait.
The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula of East Africa. Located on the easternmost part of the African mainland, it is the fourth largest peninsula in the world. It lies along the southern boundary of the Red Sea and extends hundreds of kilometres into the Guardafui Channel, Gulf of Aden, and Indian Ocean.
Meles Zenawi Asres was an Ethiopian soldier and politician who ruled Ethiopia as president from 1991 to 1995 and as prime minister from 1995 until his death in 2012. He was considered the founder of ethnic federalism, which is followed in modern Ethiopia.
Tamrat Layne Admassu is an Ethiopian former politician and a converted born-again Christian. He had served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia during the Transitional Government of Ethiopia after the end of the Derg regime. Previously during the 1980s, he was a leader of the Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement, one of the groups that fought against Ethiopian dictator Mengistu Haile Mariam in the Ethiopian Civil War.
The Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) is a left-wing ethnic nationalist paramilitary group, former political party, former ruling party of Ethiopia, and designated as a terrorist organization by the Ethiopian government. It is widely known as Woyane, or Wayane in older texts and Amharic publications.
The Eritrean–Ethiopian War was a conflict that took place between Ethiopia and Eritrea from May 1998 to June 2000, with the final peace only agreed to in 2018, twenty years after the initial confrontation. Eritrea and Ethiopia both spent considerable amount of their revenue and wealth on the armament ahead of the war and suffered reportedly 100,000 casualties combined as a direct consequence thereof, excluding indeterminate number of refugees. The conflict ultimately led to minor border changes through final binding border delimitation overseen by the Permanent Court of Arbitration.
The Eritrean War of Independence was a conflict fought between successive Ethiopian governments and Eritrean independence fighters from 1 September 1961 to 24 May 1991.
Tigrayans are an ethnic group native to the Tigray Region in northern Ethiopia. They speak the Tigrinya language.
The Marxist–Leninist League of Tigray (MLLT) was a semi-clandestine Hoxhaist Communist Party that held a leading role in the Tigrayan Peoples' Liberation Front (TPLF) in the 1980s. The majority of the TPLF leadership held dual membership in the MLLT, including Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1995 until his death in 2012.
Helen Meles is a prominent Eritrean singer and actress. She has released several albums and appeared in many top-rated Eritrean films.
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Eritrea, officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia in the south, Sudan in the west, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea. The nation has a total area of approximately 117,600 km2 (45,406 sq mi), and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands.
The Kingdom of Aksum, also known as the Kingdom of Axum or the Aksumite Empire, was an ancient kingdom, from the 2nd to the 10th century, with its capital at the city of Axum (Aksum). The kingdom was centered in what is now northern Ethiopia, and spanned modern-day Eritrea, eastern Sudan and Yemen at its height during the reign of Kaleb of Axum. Emerging from the earlier Dʿmt civilization, the kingdom was likely founded in the early 1st century. Pre-Aksumite culture developed in part due to a South Arabian influence, evident in the Aksumite use of Ancient South Arabian script and the practice of Ancient Semitic religion. However, the Geʽez script came into use by the 4th century, and as the kingdom became a major power on the trade route between Rome and India, it entered the Greco-Roman cultural sphere and began to use Greek as a lingua franca. It is through this that the Kingdom of Aksum adopted Christianity as the state religion in the mid-4th century under Ezana of Axum. Following their Christianization, the Aksumites ceased construction of stelae.
Kuma Demeksa is an Ethiopian politician. Since 24 April 2015 he has been Ethiopian Ambassador to Germany. From 2008 to 2013 he was mayor of Addis Ababa; previous positions include President of the Oromia Region (1995–2001), and Minister of Defense (2005–2008). He was one of the founders, as well as a current member, of the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), which is part of the ruling coalition, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF).
The EriAm Sisters are an Eritrean American musical group consisting of three sisters.
Gebru Asrat is an Ethiopian politician, former president of Tigray Region (1991–2001), and one of the top leaders of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRF) until around 2000, when he founded a new party, Arena Tigray.
Eritrean Americans are an ethnic group of Americans who are of full or partial Eritrean national origin, heritage and/or ancestry. As of 2013, there are 33,930 Eritrean-born citizens living in the U.S.
The 2013 Eritrean Army mutiny was mounted on 21 January 2013, when around 100-200 soldiers of the Eritrean Army in the capital city, Asmara seized the headquarters of the state broadcaster, EriTV, and allegedly broadcast a message demanding reforms and the release of political prisoners. The mutiny was the first major incident of resistance to the rule of Isaias Afewerki since the purging of a group of fifteen ministers who demanded political reform in 2001. Details about the mutiny remain murky, with several government officials denying it even took place, while opposition sources claimed it had been an abortive coup attempt.
Sexual violence in the Tigray War included, according to the United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Pramila Patten, claims of rape in Mekelle, people forced to rape family members, "sex in exchange for basic commodities", and "increases in the demand for emergency contraception and testing for sexually transmitted infections". As of August 2021, the number of rape victims ranged from a minimum estimate of 512–516 rapes registered with hospitals in early 2021 to 10,000 rapes according to British parliamentarian Helen Hayes and 26,000 women needing sexual and gender-based violence services according to the United Nations Population Fund. Several claims were made that the rape was systematic, constituting rape as a weapon of war.
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