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Liberty ships were a class of cargo ship built in the United States during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding Program. Though British in concept, the design was adopted by the United States for its simple, low-cost construction. Mass-produced on an unprecedented scale, the Liberty ship came to symbolize U.S. wartime industrial output.
Annie Oakley was an American sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show.
SS John W. Brown is a Liberty ship, one of two still operational and one of three preserved as museum ships. As a Liberty ship, she operated as a merchant ship of the United States Merchant Marine during World War II and later was a vocational high school training ship in New York City for many years. Now preserved, she is a museum ship and cruise ship berthed at Pier 13 in Baltimore Harbor in Maryland.
SS Robert E. Peary was a Liberty ship which gained fame during World War II for being built in a shorter time than any other such vessel. Named after Robert Peary, an American explorer who was among the first people to reach the geographic North Pole, she was launched on November 12, 1942, just 4 days, 15 hours and 26 minutes after the keel was laid down.
SS Geronimo was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Geronimo, a Native American warrior who long fought against American settlers in the Old West.
The SS Abner Doubleday was a liberty ship built during World War II. The ship was named after Abner Doubleday, the Brigadier General of the American Civil War. Her keel was laid down on 25 October 1942 and she launched 20 November 1942. Abner Doubleday was scrapped in 1968. The photo is of the identical ship the SS John W. Brown which is docked in Baltimore. There are only two liberty ships left, the SS John W. Brown and the SS Jeremiah O'Brien in San Francisco.
HMS Oakley was a Type II Hunt-class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She was originally to have been named Tickham, however she was renamed after her sister ship Oakley was transferred to Poland and was renamed ORP Kujawiak (L72). She entered service in May 1943, carrying out convoy escort, patrol and anti-shipping attacks for most of the rest of the Second World War. She was adopted by the Civil community of Leighton Buzzard in Bedforshire as part of Warship Week in 1942. In 1957, she was sold to the West German Navy, serving as a training ship for the German Naval Gunnery school until scrapped in 1972.
SS John Catron was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after John Catron, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
SS John A. Campbell was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after John A. Campbell, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and Peace Commissioner for the Confederate States of America.
SS Howell E. Jackson was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Howell E. Jackson, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and a United States senator from Tennessee.
SS James A. Wetmore was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after James A. Wetmore, the Acting Supervising Architect of the United States, from 1915–1933.
SS Frederick Bartholdi was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor who is best known for designing Liberty Enlightening the World, commonly known as the Statue of Liberty.
SS Nathan B. Forrest was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Nathan B. Forrest, a Confederate Army general during the American Civil War.
SS Stephen R. Mallory was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Stephen R. Mallory, a United States senator from Florida, and the Confederate States Secretary of the Navy during the American Civil War.
SS William W. Loring was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after William Wing Loring, a Colonel in the United States Army that fought in the Mexican–American War. He joined the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War reaching the rank of Major General. After the war he was recommended to Isma'il Pasha, by William Tecumseh Sherman, for his army in Egypt, where he also obtained the rank of Major General.
SS George Dewey was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after George Dewey, the only person in United States history to obtain the rank Admiral of the Navy. Dewey was a graduate of the United States Naval Academy and fought in both the American Civil War and the Spanish–American War.
SS Howard A. Kelly was an American Liberty ship built in 1943 for service in World War II. Her namesake was Howard Atwood Kelly, an influential American architect of collegiate and ecclesiastical buildings.
SS Mary Cassatt was an American Liberty ship built in 1943 for service in World War II. Her namesake was Mary Cassatt, an American painter and printmaker.
SS Abigail Adams was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. The ship was named after Abigail Adams, who was the wife and closest advisor of John Adams and the mother of John Quincy Adams. She is also sometimes considered to be one of the Founders of the United States.
SS Edvard Grieg was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Edvard Grieg, a Norwegian composer and pianist. She was laid down as the SS Thomas F. Bayard after Thomas F. Bayard, but she was renamed before being put into service, as she was chartered to Norway. In 1951 she was sold and renamed Ultragaz São Paulo. In 1951 she was converted to a Liquid natural gas Carrier. In 1952 she was sold and renamed Mundogaz São Paulo. In 1972 she was removed from service.
References
- 1 2 Davies, 2004, page 23.
- ↑ Sawyer, Leonard Arthur (1970).The Liberty ships: the history of the "emergency" type cargo ships constructed in the United States during World War II. Cornell Maritime Press, p. 70. ISBN 0-87033-152-3
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