Related Research Articles
Manuel I, known as the Fortunate, was King of Portugal from 1495 to 1521. A member of the House of Aviz, Manuel was Duke of Beja and Viseu prior to succeeding his cousin, John II of Portugal, as monarch. Manuel ruled over a period of intensive expansion of the Portuguese Empire owing to the numerous Portuguese discoveries made during his reign. His sponsorship of Vasco da Gama led to the Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India in 1498, resulting in the creation of the Portuguese India Armadas, which guaranteed Portugal's monopoly on the spice trade. Manuel began the Portuguese colonization of the Americas and Portuguese India, and oversaw the establishment of a vast trade empire across Africa and Asia.
Sephardi Jews, also known as Sephardic Jews, Sephardim, or Hispanic Jews by modern scholars, are a Jewish ethnic division originating from traditionally established communities in the Iberian Peninsula. The term "Sephardim" also sometimes refers to Mizrahi Jews of Western Asia and North Africa. Although most of this latter group do not have ancestry from the Jewish communities of Iberia, the majority of them were influenced by the Sephardic style of liturgy and Sephardic law and customs from the influence of the Iberian Jewish exiles over the course of the last few centuries. This article deals with Sephardim within the narrower ethnic definition.
Benjamin D'Israeli (1730–1816) was an Italian-born merchant and financier, the grandfather of the British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield.
Henry II, called Henry of Trastámara or the Fratricidal, was the first king of Castile and León from the House of Trastámara. He became king in 1369 by defeating his half-brother Peter the Cruel, after numerous rebellions and battles. As king he was involved in the Fernandine Wars and the Hundred Years' War.
The Abravanel family, also spelled as Abarbanel, Abrabanel, Avravanel, Barbernell, or Barbanel – literally meaning Ab ("father") rabban ("priest") el – is one of the oldest and most distinguished Jewish families. It first achieved prominence on the Iberian peninsula during the Middle Ages. Its members claim to trace their origin to the biblical King David. Members of this family lived in Seville, Córdoba, Castile-Leon, and Calatayud. Seville is where its most prominent representative, Don Judah Abravanel, once dwelt.
In the early modern period, a court Jew, or court factor, was a Jewish banker who handled the finances of, or lent money to, European, mainly German, royalty and nobility. In return for their services, court Jews gained social privileges, including in some cases being granted noble status. Court Jews were needed because prohibitions against usury applied to Christians but did not apply to Jews.
Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel, commonly referred to as Abarbanel, also spelled Abravanel, Avravanel or Abrabanel, was a Portuguese Jewish statesman, philosopher, Bible commentator, and financier.
Leo the Hebrew, pen name of Judá Abravanel, was a Portuguese Jewish philosopher, physician and poet. His work Dialogues of Love was one of the most important philosophical works of his time.
The history of the Jews in Italy spans more than two thousand years to the present. The Jewish presence in Italy dates to the pre-Christian Roman period and has continued, despite periods of extreme persecution and expulsions, until the present. As of 2019, the estimated core Jewish population in Italy numbers around 45,000.
Joseph Nasi, known in Portuguese as João Micas, was a Portuguese Sephardi diplomat and administrator, member of the House of Mendes/Benveniste, nephew of Dona Gracia Mendes Nasi, and an influential figure in the Ottoman Empire during the rules of both Sultan Suleiman I and his son Selim II. He was a great benefactor of the Jewish people.
Pedro Álvarez de Toledo y Zúñiga, jure uxoris2nd Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo was a Spanish politician. The first effective Spanish viceroy of Naples, in 1532–1552, he was responsible for considerable social, economic and urban improval in the city and southern Italian kingdom in general. He was the father-in-law of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
The Benveniste family is an old, noble, wealthy, and scholarly Jewish family of Narbonne, France and northern Spain established in the 11th century. The family was present in the 11th to the 15th centuries in Hachmei Provence, France, Barcelona, Aragon and Castile Spain.
Gracia Mendes Nasi was a Portuguese intellectual and one of the wealthiest Jewish women of Renaissance Europe. She married Francisco Mendes/Benveniste. She was the maternal aunt and business partner of João Micas, who became a prominent figure in the politics of the Ottoman Empire. She also developed an escape network that saved hundreds of Conversos from the Inquisition. Her name – Graça in Portuguese – Gracia is Spanish for the Hebrew Hannah, which means Grace; she was also known by her Christianized name Beatriz (Beatrice) de Luna.
Menahem ben Aaron ibn Zerah was a Spanish rabbi and codifier born in the Kingdom of Navarre, probably at Estella, in the first third of the 14th century.
Benvenida Abrabanel, also written as Benvenida Abravanel, was a Sephardic philanthropist and businesswoman who lived in early modern Italy and was an influential member of the wealthy Abrabanel family. She is mentioned in numerous literary, rabbinic, legal, and archival sources of the time.
Samuel ben Meir Ha-Levi Abulafia, was the treasurer of king Pedro I "the Cruel" of Castile and founder of the Synagogue of El Transito in Toledo, Spain.
Lady in Ermine is a 1947 Spanish historical drama film directed by Eusebio Fernández Ardavín and starring Lina Yegros, Jorge Mistral and Alicia Palacios. It is based on a 1922 play by his brother Luis, which portrays a fictitious relationship between the daughter of the painter El Greco and a young Jewish goldsmith in sixteenth century Toledo.
Jewish heraldry is the tradition and style of heraldic achievements amongst Jewish communities throughout Europe and in modern times abroad, including national and civic arms of the State of Israel, noble and burgher arms, synagogal heraldry, heraldic displays and heraldic descriptions. Jewish Heraldry is commonly influenced by its country of origin, yet often preserves common Jewish symbolisms such as the Lion of Judah or the Star of David.
Rabbi Abraham ben Menasseh Aboab also known as Abraham Aboab V was a Western Sephardic Portuguese philanthropist and Rabbi, who was an early founder of the Portuguese Jewish community in Hamburg.
References
- ↑ "ABRAVANEL, ABARBANEL - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
- ↑ "Benvenida Abravanel | Jewish Women's Archive". jwa.org. Retrieved 2020-05-12.