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The Anglo-Spanish War was a conflict between the English Protectorate under Oliver Cromwell, and Spain, between 1654 and 1660. It was caused by commercial rivalry. Each side attacked the other's commercial and colonial interests in various ways such as privateering and naval expeditions. In 1655, an English amphibious expedition invaded Spanish territory in the Caribbean, eventually capturing the island of Jamaica. In 1657, England formed an alliance with France, merging the Anglo-Spanish war with the larger Franco-Spanish War resulting in major land actions that took place in the Spanish Netherlands.
Events from the year 1655 in England.
The history of the Jews in Jamaica predominantly dates back to migrants from Spain and Portugal. Starting in 1509, many Jews began fleeing from Spain because of the persecution of the Holy Inquisition. When the English captured Jamaica from Spain in 1655, the Jews who were living as conversos began to practice Judaism openly. By 1611, the Island of Jamaica had reached an estimated population of 1,500 people. An estimated 75 of those people were described as "foreigners," which may have included some Portuguese Jews. Many Jamaican Jews were involved in the Atlantic slave trade, both owning and trading in enslaved Black people.
The siege of Santo Domingo was fought between April 23, 1655 and April 30, 1655, at the Spanish Colony of Santo Domingo. A force of 2,400 Spanish troops led by Governor Don Bernardino Meneses y Bracamonte, Count of Peñalba successfully resisted a force of 13,120 soldiers led by General Robert Venables and 34 ships under Admiral Sir William Penn of the English Commonwealth.
The Western Design was an English expedition against the Spanish West Indies during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War.
Robert Venables was an English soldier from Cheshire, who fought for Parliament in the 1638 to 1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, and later served under the Commonwealth of England.
Irish people in Jamaica or Irish Jamaicans, are Jamaican citizens whose ancestors originated from Ireland. If counted separately, Irish people would be the second-largest reported ethnic group in Jamaica, after Afro-Jamaicans.
The Battle of Rio Nuevo took place between 25 and 27 June 1658 on the island of Jamaica between Spanish forces under Cristóbal Arnaldo Isasi and English forces under governor Edward D'Oyley. In the battle lasting over two days the invading Spanish were routed. It is the largest battle to be fought in Jamaica.
Halse Hall is a plantation great house in Clarendon, Jamaica.
The Invasion of Jamaica took place in May 1655, during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War, when an English expeditionary force captured Spanish Jamaica. It was part of an ambitious plan by Oliver Cromwell to acquire new colonies in the Americas, known as the Western Design.
Sir Thomas Lynch was the English governor of Jamaica on three separate occasions in the 17th century. He was also chief justice of Jamaica for a time.
Santiago was a Spanish territory of the Spanish West Indies and within the Viceroyalty of New Spain, in the Caribbean region. Its location is the present-day island and nation of Jamaica.
White Jamaicans are Jamaican people whose ancestry lies within the continent of Europe, most notably Great Britain and Ireland. There are also communities of people who are descendants of people who arrived from Spain, Germany and Portugal.
Edward D'Oyley was an English soldier who served as Governor of Jamaica on two occasions.
Henry Archibold was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the English Army who rose to prominence in the early stages of the English Colony of Jamaica.
James Heane was a general serving in the Army of the Commonwealth of England. He was Governor of Jersey (1651–1654). Heane was an ardent Puritan.
Francis Price was an English planter in Jamaica. He joined the regiment of Anthony Buller, part of Robert Venables' expeditionary force known as the Western Design. He fought at the Siege of Santo Domingo in April 1655. In 1670, Price became the patent holder for Worthy Park, an 840-acre plantation situated at Luidas in Saint John Parish, Jamaica. He also held a patent with his partner, Nicholas Philpott, for the 150 acre plantation in Flamingo Savanna, Saint Catherine Parish, Jamaica.
Francis Barrington was an officer in the New Model Army who led a regiment involved in the military administration of Jamaica following the English invasion of Jamaica.
Richard Fortescue was an English soldier who fought in the English Civil War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–60). He commanded a regiment at the Siege of Santo Domingo in April 1655. He participated in the invasion of Jamaica and, when his commanding officer Robert Venables left Jamaica for England in late July 1655, he took over command of the army in Jamaica. He died three months later in October 1655.
References
- ↑ Cundall, Frank. (1915) Historic Jamaica. London: Institute of Jamaica. pp. xviii-xix.
- ↑ Venables, Robert (1900). Firth, Charles Harding (ed.). The narrative of General Venables, with an appendix of papers relating to the expedition to the West Indies and the conquest of Jamaica, 1654-1655;. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
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