The Sands Directories, also published as the Sands and Kenny Directory and the Sands and McDougall Directory were annual publications in Australia.
They listed household, business, society, and Government contacts [1] in Melbourne, Adelaide and Sydney including some rural areas of Victoria and New South Wales from the 1850s. [2] City directories are an important resource for historical research, allowing individual addresses and occupations to be linked to specific streets and suburbs. [3]
John Sands (1818-1873) was an engraver, printer and stationer. Born in England he moved to Sydney in 1837. [4] Sands formed several business partnerships, in 1851 with his brother-in-law Thomas Kenny, and in 1860 with Dugald McDougall with the business being known as Sands, Kenny & Co. [4] Directory titles changed as the publisher changed partners, and at different points the Sands Directories were also published as the 'Sands and Kenny' or 'Sands and McDougall Directories'. [5]
The first Melbourne Directory was published by Sands and Kenny in 1857. [5] By 1858 the second edition of the directory was distributed to public libraries in the major seaports of Great Britain, Ireland, the United States of America, and Canada. [6] From 1862 to 1974 the Melbourne directories were published as the Sands and McDougall Melbourne Directory. [5] [7]
The 1860 Melbourne directory was 400 pages long and contained over 10,000 entries. [1]
The Sands Sydney, Suburban and Country Commercial Directory, first published in 1858, [8] included a variety of information including street addresses and businesses, farms and country towns, stock numbers (e.g. horses, cattle and sheep on each station) as well as information about public watering places including dams, tanks and wells. [9] With the primary function of post office directory it provides lists of householders, businesses, public institutions and officials. [10]
The Sydney editions of the directory, covering the state of New South Wales, were published each year from 1858–59 to 1932–33. [11] There were four years when the directory did not appear during this time, they were 1872, 1874, 1878 and 1881. [12] The directory is arranged by municipalities in which properties were located, listing the primary householder street by street. [13] As a consequence, the household and business information in the directories is used for research into Sydney history, [14] with particular application for genealogical research. [12] [15] [16]
By 1909 the Sydney directory contained over 1700 pages. [17] The full title of the 1913 edition of the directory of Sydney is Sands Sydney, Suburban and Country Directory for 1913 comprising, amongst other information, street, alphabetical, trade and professional, country towns, country alphabetical, pastoral, educational, governmental, parliamentary, law and miscellaneous lists. [8]
Sands and McDougall arrived in Adelaide in 1883. [18] They took over the directory previously published by Josiah Boothby, publishing their first South Australian directory in January 1884. [18] [19] [20] The Sands & McDougall's Directory of South Australia was published from 1884 to 1974. [21]
The facade of the Sands & McDougall Printers and Stationers building at 64 King William Street, Adelaide is an excellent early example of Art Deco architecture in South Australia. The facade of the 19th-century neoclassical building was redesigned in 1933, and was listed on the South Australian Heritage Register in December 2020. [22]
Princes Highway is a major road in Australia, extending from Sydney via Melbourne to Adelaide through the states of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. It has a length of 1,941 kilometres (1,206 mi) or 1,898 kilometres (1,179 mi) via the former alignments of the highway, although these routes are slower and connections to the bypassed sections of the original route are poor in many cases.
Gundagai is a town in New South Wales, Australia. Although a small town, Gundagai is a popular topic for writers and has become a representative icon of a typical Australian country town. Located along the Murrumbidgee River and Muniong, Honeysuckle, Kimo, Mooney Mooney, Murrumbidgee and Tumut mountain ranges, Gundagai is 390 kilometres (240 mi) south-west of Sydney. Until 2016, Gundagai was the administrative centre of Gundagai Shire local government area. In the 2021 census, the population of Gundagai was 2,057.
The Australian state of New South Wales has an extensive network of railways, which were integral to the growth and development of the state. The vast majority of railway lines were government built and operated, but there were also several private railways, some of which operate to this day.
Croydon is a suburb in the Inner West of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) west of the Sydney central business district. Croydon is split between the two local government areas of Municipality of Burwood and the Inner West Council.
Yarra Park is part of the Melbourne Sports and Entertainment Precinct, the premier sporting precinct of Victoria, Australia. Located in Yarra Park is the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) and numerous sporting fields and ovals, including the associated sporting complexes of Melbourne and Olympic Parks. The park and sporting facilities are located in the inner-suburb of East Melbourne. In the late 1850s, many of the earliest games of Australian rules football were played at Yarra Park, which was known at the time as the Richmond Paddock.
Samuel Thomas Gill, also known by his signature S.T.G., was an English-born Australian artist.
A coffee palace was an often large and elaborate residential hotel that did not serve alcohol, most of which were built in Australia in the late 19th century.
Australian non-residential architectural styles are a set of Australian architectural styles that apply to buildings used for purposes other than residence and have been around only since the first colonial government buildings of early European settlement of Australia in 1788.
The John Holland Group is an infrastructure, building, rail and transport business operating in Australia and New Zealand. Headquartered in Melbourne, it is a subsidiary of China Communications Construction.
The 1914 Sydney Carnival was the third edition of the Australian National Football Carnival, an Australian football interstate competition. It was held between Wednesday 5 August and Saturday 15 August 1914. As in previous competitions, players could represent the state that they were playing in at the time. Victoria was the winning state, going undefeated through the competition.
John Mather was a Scottish-Australian plein-air painter and etcher.
Carthona is a large Gothic Revival architecture style house situated at 5 Carthona Avenue, on a promontory of Darling Point, in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The mansion is listed by the New South Wales Heritage Council as a building of historical significance and is listed as being of local significance on the New South Wales Heritage Database.
F. H. Faulding & Co was a pharmaceutical company founded in Adelaide, Australia, in 1845 by Francis Hardey Faulding, a native of Swinefleet, near Goole in Yorkshire, son of Francis Faulding, a surgeon.
Samuel Moss Solomon was an early Jewish settler in Australia, amongst whose descendants many achieved a degree of notability. The relationship between these descendants is complicated by three factors: the duplication of names, not only within a family line but across lines; the number of intra-family marriages; and marriages to people with the same surname but not closely related. This list is not exhaustive but includes most family members likely to be found in Wikipedia and Australian newspapers.
The Australian Worker was a newspaper produced in Sydney, New South Wales for the Australian Workers' Union. It was published from 1890 to 1950.
John Sands is an Australian printing company and former distributor of games and computer hardware that is now a wholly owned subsidiary of American Greetings.
Violet May Plummer was a South Australian medical doctor, one of the first women from the University of Adelaide to graduate in medicine, [the first was Laura Margaret Hope née Fowler] and in 1900 was the first woman General Practitioner to practise in Adelaide.
George Metcalfe was a London-born Australian educationalist, school proprietor and writer. As proprietor and Headmaster of the High School, Goulburn, he was responsible for the pre-university education of two Premiers of New South Wales.
The first Tattersall's Club in Adelaide was founded in 1879 and folded in 1886. It was revived as the South Australian Tattersalls Club in 1888 and prospered as a gentlemen's club, whose membership was chiefly composed of men who enjoyed gambling on horse races.
Samuel Calvert was a British draughtsman, printer and artist active in Australia, noted for his wood-engravings, published in contemporary periodicals. He was the third son of the renowned engraver and painter, Edward Calvert. During his period in Australia, Samuel Calvert produced hundreds of engraved illustrations for a variety of publications on a wide range of subjects. Calvert also designed postage stamps for the Victorian government. He was one of the founding members of the Victorian Academy of Art, formed in 1870, and showed watercolours and oil paintings at their subsequent exhibitions. Calvert left a legacy of finely-produced wood engravings depicting landscape, contemporary events and portraits.