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Lieutenant-General Sir John Bagot Glubb, KCB, CMG, DSO, OBE, MC, KStJ, KPM, known as Glubb Pasha and Abu Hunaik by the Jordanians, was a British soldier, scholar, and author, who led and trained Transjordan's Arab Legion between 1939 and 1956 as its commanding general. During the First World War, he served in France. Glubb has been described as an "integral tool in the maintenance of British control."
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The Battle of Ulundi took place at the Zulu capital of Ulundi on 4 July 1879 and was the last major battle of the Anglo-Zulu War. The British army broke the military power of the Zulu nation by defeating the main Zulu army and immediately afterwards capturing and burning the royal kraal of oNdini.
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More than 2.8 million German soldiers surrendered on the Western Front between D-Day and the end of April 1945; 1.3 million between D-Day and March 31, 1945; and 1.5 million of them in the month of April. From early March, these surrenders seriously weakened the Wehrmacht in the West, and made further surrenders more likely, thus having a snowballing effect. On March 27, Dwight D. Eisenhower declared at a press conference that the enemy were a whipped army. In March, the daily rate of POWs taken on the Western Front was 10,000; in the first 14 days of April it rose to 39,000, and in the last 16 days the average peaked at 59,000 soldiers captured each day. The number of prisoners taken in the West in March and April was over 1,800,000, more than double the 800,000 German soldiers who surrendered to the Russians in the last three or four months of the war. One reason for this huge difference, possibly the most important, was that German forces facing the Red Army tended to fight to the end for fear of Soviet captivity whereas German forces facing the Western Allies tended to surrender without putting up much if any resistance. Accordingly, the number of Germans killed and wounded was much higher in the East than in the West.
James "Jem" Rourke was a settler and trader of Irish-descent in southern Africa. He served as a civilian in the British Army commissariat in 1846 during the Seventh Xhosa War. In 1849, Rorke purchased a farmstead in the Colony of Natal, on the border with Zululand near a river crossing that became known as Rorke's Drift. He established a trading post that led to good relations with the Zulu. Rorke committed suicide in 1875. His homestead played a key role in the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War and was the site of the Battle of Rorke's Drift.
Fort Pearson was a fortification constructed by the British on the Natal side of the border with Zululand in the lead up to the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War. An earthen redoubt on a 300-foot (100 m) high cliff overlooking the Tugela River, the fort and its two external redoubts commanded an important river crossing. The crossing was used by one of the columns of the first invasion of January 1879, that was then besieged at Eshowe in Zululand. The crossing was used again by the Eshowe relief column in March and the second invasion in April. The fort was strengthened in April 1879 and connected to Pietermaritzburg by telegraph by June. The war was won by the British in July but the fort was briefly occupied again by British troops in 1883 during the Third Zulu Civil War.
References
- ↑ Josh Weiss, Historian Saul David Discusses Israel’s Famous Entebbe Operation And How He Tracked Down A German Fugitive , The New York Blueprint, 03/15/2018
- 1 2 Sale, Jonathan (12 June 2008). "Passed/Failed: An education in the life of Saul David, historian and broadcaster". The Independent. London. Retrieved 28 July 2008.
- 1 2 "Saul David profile on Penguin Books" . Retrieved 28 July 2008.
- ↑ "Academic staff profiles at hull.ac.uk" . Retrieved 28 July 2008.
- ↑ "MA Military History". The University of Buckingham. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ↑ "BBC History, Zulu: The True Story" . Retrieved 28 July 2008.
- ↑ Saul David at imdb.com
- ↑ Raeside, Julia; Stubbs, David; Catterall, Ali; Mueller, Andrew; Wright, Jonathan; O'Neill, Phelim (1 February 2012). "TV highlights 02/02/2012". The Guardian . London: 1 February 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2012.
