Schwartz & Gross

Last updated

Schwartz & Gross was a New York City architectural firm active from at least 1901 to 1963, [1] and which designed numerous apartment buildings in the city during the first half of the 20th century. The firm, together with the firm Neville & Bagge and the firm owned by George F. Pelham, accounted for about half the apartment houses in Manhattan's Morningside Heights neighborhood. [2]

Contents

Principals

Simon I. Schwartz and Arthur Gross were both American architects of Jewish background. [2] The two met as students at the Hebrew Technical Institute, in Manhattan's East Village neighborhood, in the 1890s. [3] After working for other firms, they founded their own company in 1902. [3] They primarily designed apartment houses on the Upper East Side and the Upper West Side, and while the firm continued through at least 1963, the founders stopped personally designing buildings sometime after the Great Depression. [3] Each died in the 1950s. [3]

Notable works

The firm was highly prominent during its most active years, designing, along with New York firms Neville & Bagge and George F. Pelham's firm, around half of the apartment buildings in Morningside Heights, as well as numerous other buildings throughout New York City. [2] Schwartz & Gross designed eight of the historic buildings on Central Park West that are deemed contributing properties of the Central Park West Historic District, including 55 Central Park West, colloquially known as the " Ghostbusters Building" after its prominent appearance in that 1984 movie. [4]

One building, Majestic Towers at 215 West 75th Street, was completed in 1924 as a brothel and de facto men's clubhouse, with hidden stairways and secret doorways. [5] A bordello run by Polly Adler boasted such patrons as Robert Benchley, New York City mayor Jimmy Walker, and mobster Dutch Schultz. [5] Another building 370 Riverside Drive was a home to many notable residents, including political theorist Hannah Arendt, among others.

Schwartz & Gross also designed at least one building on Long Island: The Wychwood, later converted to co-op, in Great Neck, New York. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morningside Heights</span> Neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City

Morningside Heights is a neighborhood on the West Side of Upper Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded by Morningside Drive to the east, 125th Street to the north, 110th Street to the south, and Riverside Drive to the west. Morningside Heights borders Central Harlem and Morningside Park to the east, Manhattanville to the north, the Manhattan Valley section of the Upper West Side to the south, and Riverside Park to the west. Broadway is the neighborhood's main thoroughfare, running north–south.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Upper West Side</span> Neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City

The Upper West Side (UWS) is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded by Central Park on the east, the Hudson River on the west, West 59th Street to the south, and West 110th Street to the north. The Upper West Side is adjacent to the neighborhoods of Hell's Kitchen to the south, Columbus Circle to the southeast, and Morningside Heights to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattanville, Manhattan</span> Neighborhood in New York City

Manhattanville is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan bordered on the north by 135th Street; on the south by 122nd and 125th Streets; on the west by Hudson River; and on the east by Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard and the campus of City College.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hudson View Gardens</span> Apartment complex in New York City

Hudson View Gardens is a cooperative apartment complex located on Pinehurst Avenue and Cabrini Boulevard in the near vicinity of West 183rd and 185th Streets, located in the Hudson Heights subsection of the Washington Heights neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City. It overlooks the Hudson River to the west and Bennett Park – which includes Manhattan's highest natural point – to the east. The complex was constructed as a housing cooperative from 1923 to 1925. In 2016 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Majestic (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Majestic is a cooperative apartment building at 115 Central Park West, between 71st and 72nd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 and was designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Majestic is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">116th Street (Manhattan)</span> West-east street in Manhattan, New York

116th Street runs from Riverside Drive, overlooking the Hudson River, to the East River, through the New York City borough of Manhattan. It traverses the neighborhoods of Morningside Heights, Harlem, and Spanish Harlem; the street is interrupted between Morningside Heights and Harlem by Morningside Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The El Dorado</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The El Dorado is a cooperative apartment building at 300 Central Park West, between 90th and 91st Streets adjacent to Central Park, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1929 to 1931 and was designed by architect of record Margon & Holder and consulting architect Emery Roth in the Art Deco style. The El Dorado consists of twin 12-story towers rising from a 17-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George F. Pelham</span> American architect

George Frederick Pelham was an American architect and the son of George Brown Pelham, who was also an architect.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">55 Central Park West</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York

55 Central Park West is a 19-floor housing cooperative on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Built in 1929, it was designed by the architectural firm Schwartz & Gross. The building is a contributing property within the Central Park West Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Century (apartment building)</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Century is an apartment building at 25 Central Park West, between 62nd and 63rd Streets, adjacent to Central Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was constructed from 1930 to 1931 at a cost of $6.5 million and designed by the firm of Irwin S. Chanin in the Art Deco style. The Century is 30 stories tall, with twin towers rising from a 19-story base. The building is a contributing property to the Central Park West Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places–listed district, and is a New York City designated landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clinton and Russell</span> American architectural firm

Clinton and Russell was a well-known architectural firm founded in 1894 in New York City, United States. The firm was responsible for several New York City buildings, including some in Lower Manhattan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harperly Hall</span> Apartment building in Manhattan, New York

Harperly Hall is an apartment building on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. The building is located at the intersection of 64th Street and Central Park West and was built from 1910 to 1911. One of the city's few buildings designed in the Arts and Crafts style, Harperly Hall was designed by Henry W. Wilkinson. The structure was listed as a contributing property to the federally designated Central Park West Historic District in 1982 when the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Paterno</span> Residential in Manhattan, New York City

The Paterno is a Manhattan apartment building located at 116th Street and Riverside Drive and also known as 440 Riverside Drive. The building is noted for its curved facade, impressive marble lobby with a stained-glass ceiling, and substantial porte-cochère. Across 116th Street, The Paterno faces the Colosseum, another building with a similar curved facade. The New York Times has said that the "opposing curves, (form) a gateway as impressive as any publicly built arch or plaza in New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Colosseum (Manhattan)</span> Apartment building in Manhattan, New York

The Colosseum is an apartment building located at 116th Street and Riverside Drive in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, New York City.

The Hendrik Hudson, formally known as the Hendrik Hudson Residence Hotel, is a Tuscan-style apartment building located on Riverside Drive in Morningside Heights, Manhattan, New York City. The first plans for a building named for Hendrik Hudson on Riverside Drive were announced in October 1897 by Eugene Kirby, a former manager of the Marie Antoinette Hotel. This was to be an 18-story hotel. These plans were never completed, however, and by 1907, an apartment building bearing the name had been constructed instead.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claremont Avenue</span> Avenue in Manhattan, New York

Claremont Avenue is a short avenue in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It begins at 116th Street and runs north for a length of eleven blocks until it ends at Tiemann Place.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riverside Park Community</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

3333 Broadway is a group of five apartment buildings ranging from 11 to 35 stories at Broadway between West 133rd and 135th Streets, in Manhattanville, Manhattan, New York City, United States. Completed in 1976, it was the largest residential structure in the United States. Together, the five buildings include 1,193 apartment units. The present manager of the property is the Urban American Management Corporation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Delta Psi, Alpha Chapter building</span> Fraternity house in New York City

The Delta Psi, Alpha Chapter fraternity house is located at 434 Riverside Drive in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was purpose built in 1898 and continues to serve the Columbia chapter of the Fraternity of Delta Psi, a social and literary fraternity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neville & Bagge</span> American architectural firm

Neville & Bagge was a major residential architecture and construction firm in New York City between 1892 and 1917. Its first office was in Harlem at 217 West 125th Street.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Garrison Apartments, 435 Convent Avenue</span> Residential building in Manhattan, New York City

435 Convent Avenue is a six-story granite, brick, and terra cotta cooperative apartment building called The Garrison Apartments, Inc. It stands at the southeast corner of Convent Avenue and West 149th Street on Sugar Hill in the Hamilton Heights neighborhood in West Harlem in Manhattan in New York City. The building has 29 apartments individually owned by the shareholders in the corporation, a superintendent's apartment in the basement, and a common-area garden in the back.

References

Notes

  1. Schwartz & Gross buildings [usurped] on Emporis.com
  2. 1 2 3 Dolkart, Andrew S. (1998). Morningside Heights: A History of its Architecture and Development. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 295. ISBN   978-0-231-07850-4. OCLC   37843816.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Steinhauer, Jennifer. "F.Y.I." (column), The New York Times , November 21, 1993
  4. Central Park West Historic District, (Java), National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form, New York's State and National Registers of Historic Places Document Imaging Project, New York State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 3 April 2007.
  5. 1 2 Jacobs, Lisa. "Majestic Towers’ Dirty Little Secret", 215 West 75 Street building newsletter, Winter 2002
  6. The Wychwood