Tarja Kaarina Halonen is a Finnish politician who served as the 11th president of Finland, and the first and to date only woman to hold the position, from 2000 to 2012. She first rose to prominence as a lawyer with the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK), and as the Prime Minister's parliamentary secretary (1974–1975) and a member of the City Council of Helsinki (1977–1996). Halonen was a Social Democratic Party member of parliament from 1979 until her election to the presidency in 2000. She also served as a minister at the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health from 1987 to 1990, as Minister of Justice from 1990 to 1991, and as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 2000.
Urho Kaleva Kekkonen, often referred to by his initials UKK, was a Finnish politician who served as the eighth and longest-serving president of Finland from 1956 to 1982. He also served as prime minister, and held various other cabinet positions. He was the third and most recent president from the Agrarian League/Centre Party. Head of state for nearly 26 years, he dominated Finnish politics for 31 years overall. Holding a large amount of power, he won his later elections with little opposition and has often been classified as an autocrat.
Lauri Kristian Relander was the second president of Finland (1925–1931). A prominent member of the Agrarian League, he served as a member of Parliament, and as Speaker, before his election as President.
Harri Hermanni Holkeri was a Finnish statesman representing the National Coalition Party of Finland. He was the Prime Minister of Finland 1987–1991, president of the UN General Assembly 2000–2001 and headed the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo from 2003 to 2004.
Väinö Alfred Tanner was a leading figure in the Social Democratic Party of Finland, and a pioneer and leader of the cooperative movement in Finland. He was Prime Minister of Finland in 1926–1927.
The Bank of Finland is the Finnish member of the Eurosystem and has been the monetary authority for Finland from 1865 to 1998, issuing the Finnish markka. It views itself as the fourth oldest surviving central bank in the world, after Sweden's Riksbank, the Bank of England, and the Bank of France, having been originally created in 1811-1812 as the Office of Exchange, Lending, and Deposits of the Grand Duchy of Finland before taking its current name in 1840. Unlike many other longstanding central banks, it has always been government-owned.
Erkki Antero Liikanen is a Finnish social democratic politician and a former Governor of the Bank of Finland.
Ahti Kalle Samuli Karjalainen was a Finnish economist and politician. He was a member of the Agrarian League and served two terms as Prime Minister of Finland. He is, however, better known for his period as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Finland. Karjalainen is considered one of the most influential figures in post-war Finnish politics. Like President Urho Kekkonen, Karjalainen attached great importance to Finland's relationship with the Soviet Union, and was at one point considered to be Kekkonen's likely successor until alcoholism affected his later career.
Nickey Iyambo was a Namibian politician and physician who served as the first Vice President of Namibia.
Karl-August Fagerholm's third cabinet, also known as the Night Frost Cabinet or the Night Frost Government, was the 44th government of Republic of Finland, in office from August 29, 1958 to January 13, 1959. It was a majority government. The cabinet was formed after the parliamentary election of 1958.
Väinö Olavi Leskinen was a Finnish politician, minister and a member of the parliament from Social Democratic Party of Finland. He is perceived as one of the major Finnish social democratic politicians of the 1950s and 1960s.
Seppo Mikko Sakari Honkapohja is a Finnish economist. He is a board member of the Bank of Finland and former Professor of International Macroeconomics of the University of Cambridge.
Eino Jaakko Untamo Hallama was a Finnish diplomat and a longtime Ambassador of Finland to Moscow, who served as minister for foreign affairs in the Lehto caretaker government from 1963 to 1964.
Olavi Munkki was Finnish diplomat.
The Night Frost Crisis or the Night Frost was a political crisis that occurred in Soviet–Finnish relations in the autumn of 1958. It arose from Soviet dissatisfaction with Finnish domestic policy and in particular with the composition of the third government to be formed under Prime Minister Karl-August Fagerholm. As a result of the crisis, the Soviet Union withdrew its ambassador from Helsinki and put pressure on the Finnish government to resign. The crisis was given its name by Nikita Khrushchev, who declared that relations between the countries had become subject to a "night frost".
Events from the year 2020 in Finland
Meeri Sirka Kalavainen was a Finnish politician. She represented Kymi in the Parliament of Finland as a member of the Social Democratic Party from 1948 to 1979. She was also the country's first minister of culture in the cabinet of prime minister Ahti Karjalainen from 1970 to 1971.
Kristian Gestrin (1929–1990) was a Finnish judge and politician who served in several cabinet posts in the 1970s. He was a long-term member of the Finnish Parliament. He also headed the Swedish People's Party of Finland in the period 1973–1974.
Olavi Lindblom was a Finnish trade union leader and politician, born in Helsinki. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1954 to 1966, representing the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP). He served as Deputy Minister of Transport and Public Works from 29 August 1958 to 13 January 1959. He was a presidential elector in the 1956 and 1962 presidential elections. He was the father of Seppo Lindblom.
Sari Lindblom is a Finnish psychologist and educationalist specialising in tertiary education, who has since 2022 served as the first female rector of the University of Helsinki.
