Related Research Articles
Claudius was Roman emperor from AD 41 to 54. Born Tiberius Claudius Drusus to Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor at Lugdunum in Roman Gaul, where his father was stationed as a military legate, he was the first Roman emperor to be born outside Italy. Nonetheless, Claudius was an Italic of Sabine origins and a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Because he was afflicted with a limp and slight deafness due to sickness at a young age, his family ostracized him and excluded him from public office until his consulship, shared with his nephew Caligula in 37.
The Julio-Claudian dynasty was the first Roman imperial dynasty, consisting of the first five emperors—Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero—or the family to which they belonged. They ruled the Roman Empire from its formation under Augustus in 27 BC until AD 68, when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide. The name "Julio-Claudian dynasty" is a historiographical term derived from the two main branches of the imperial family: the Julii Caesares and Claudii Nerones.
Around the start of the Common Era, the family trees of the gens Julia and the gens Claudia became intertwined into the Julio-Claudian family tree as a result of marriages and adoptions.
Gaius Asinius Pollio was a Roman soldier, politician, orator, poet, playwright, literary critic and historian, whose lost contemporary history provided much of the material used by the historians Appian and Plutarch. Pollio was most famously a patron of Virgil and a friend of Horace and had poems dedicated to him by both men.
The gens Petronia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. This gens claimed an ancient lineage, as a Petronius Sabinus is mentioned in the time of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the last of the Roman kings, but few Petronii are mentioned in the time of the Republic. They are frequently encountered under the Empire, holding numerous consulships, and eventually obtaining the Empire itself during the brief reign of Petronius Maximus in AD 455.
The gens Claudia, sometimes written Clodia, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at Rome. The gens traced its origin to the earliest days of the Roman Republic. The first of the Claudii to obtain the consulship was Appius Claudius Sabinus Regillensis, in 495 BC, and from that time its members frequently held the highest offices of the state, both under the Republic and in imperial times.
Asinius is the nomen of the plebeian Gens Asinia of ancient Rome. Local tradition holds that the Italian town of Assignano derives its name from the gens, as well as the French town of Assignan.
The gens Julia was one of the most ancient patrician families at ancient Rome. Members of the gens attained the highest dignities of the state in the earliest times of the Republic. The first of the family to obtain the consulship was Gaius Julius Iulus in 489 BC. The gens is perhaps best known, however, for Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator and grand uncle of the emperor Augustus, through whom the name was passed to the so-called Julio-Claudian dynasty of the first century AD. The nomen Julius became very common in imperial times, as the descendants of persons enrolled as citizens under the early emperors began to make their mark in history.
Gaius Asinius Gallus Saloninus was the son of Gaius Asinius Pollio, consul in 40 BC, and Quinctia. He is best known as the second husband of Vipsania, eldest daughter of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and first wife of Tiberius, who ultimately imprisoned him.
Vipsania Agrippina was the first wife of the Emperor Tiberius. She was the daughter of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Pomponia Caecilia Attica, thus a granddaughter of Titus Pomponius Atticus, the best friend of Cicero.
The gens Pompeia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, first appearing in history during the second century BC, and frequently occupying the highest offices of the Roman state from then until imperial times. The first of the Pompeii to obtain the consulship was Quintus Pompeius in 141 BC, but by far the most illustrious of the gens was Gnaeus Pompeius, surnamed Magnus, a distinguished general under the dictator Sulla, who became a member of the First Triumvirate, together with Caesar and Crassus. After the death of Crassus, the rivalry between Caesar and Pompeius led to the Civil War, one of the defining events of the final years of the Roman Republic.
Pomponia Graecina was a noble Roman woman of the 1st century who was related to the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was the wife of Aulus Plautius, the general who led the Roman conquest of Britain in 43 AD, and was renowned as one of the few people who dared to publicly mourn the death of a kinswoman killed by the Imperial family. It has been speculated that she was an early Christian. She is identified by some as Lucina or Lucy, a saint honoured by the Roman Catholic Church.
The Apocolocyntosis (divi) Claudii, literally The pumpkinification of (the Divine) Claudius, is a satire on the Roman emperor Claudius, which, according to Cassius Dio, was written by Seneca the Younger. A partly extant Menippean satire, an anonymous work called Ludus de morte Divi Claudii in its surviving manuscripts, may or may not be identical to the text mentioned by Cassius Dio. "Apocolocyntosis" is a word play on "apotheosis", the process by which dead Roman emperors were recognized as gods.
Gaius Asinius Pollio was a Roman senator and orator active during the Principate. He was ordinary consul for 23 with Gaius Antistius Vetus as his colleague. He was the oldest son of Gaius Asinius Gallus; his brother was Marcus Asinius Agrippa, consul in 25. Pollio's mother was Vipsania Agrippina. Through her, he was the half-brother of the younger Drusus.
Marcus Asinius Agrippa was a Roman senator, who was active during the Principate. He was consul in AD 25 as the colleague of first Cossus Cornelius Lentulus, then of Gaius Petronius. Agrippa died at the end of the following year (26). According to Tacitus, Agrippa was descended from a family more illustrious than ancient, and did not disgrace it by his mode of life, although he mentions no specifics.
The gens Asinia was a plebeian family at Ancient Rome, which rose to prominence during the first century BC. The first member of this gens mentioned in history is Herius Asinius, commander of the Marrucini during the Social War. The Asinii probably obtained Roman citizenship in the aftermath of this conflict, as they are mentioned at Rome within a generation, and Gaius Asinius Pollio obtained the consulship in 40 BC.
Titus Statilius Taurus Corvinus was a member of the Titus Statilius Taurus family of Roman Senators which went back to Titus Statilius Taurus, the general of emperor Augustus. Corvinus was consul in 45 AD during the reign of the Emperor Claudius with Marcus Vinicius as his colleague.
Sextus Nonius Quinctilianus was a Roman senator who was active in the first century. He was appointed suffect consul in 38 as the colleague of Servius Asinius Celer.
Quintus Futius Lusius Saturninus was a Roman senator, who lived during the reign of Claudius. He was suffect consul in the nundinium of September to October 41 with Marcus Seius Varanus as his colleague. Tacitus lists Saturninus as one of the victims of the notorious Publius Suillius Rufus, whose prosecution on behalf of the emperor Claudius or his wives led to the deaths of a number of Senators and equites. Seneca the Younger mentions him in his Apocolocyntosis divi Claudii as one of his consular friends who confront Claudius in the afterworld as being responsible for their deaths.
References
- ↑ Paul Gallivan, "The Fasti for the Reign of Gaius", Antichthon, 13 (1979), p. 66
- ↑ James H. Oliver, "The Descendants of Asinius Pollio", American Journal of Philology , 68 (1947), pp. 147-160
- ↑ Naturalis Historia IX 31 § 67
- ↑ Seneca, Apocolocyntosis divi Claudii, 13
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Marcus Aquila Julianus, and Publius Nonius Asprenas Calpurnius Serranus as ordinary consuls | Suffect consul of the Roman Empire 38 with Sextus Nonius Quinctilianus | Succeeded by Caligula II, and Lucius Apronius Caesianus as ordinary consuls |