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References
- ↑ Floor, Willem (2010). "Who were the Shamkhal and the Usmi?". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. 160 (2): 341–381. doi:10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.160.2.0341. ISSN 0341-0137.
- ↑ Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz (2020-08-04), "Daghestan during the Long Ottoman-Safavid War (1578–1639): The Shamkhals' Relations with Ottoman Pashas", Tributaries and Peripheries of the Ottoman Empire, Brill, pp. 117–133, ISBN 978-90-04-43060-0 , retrieved 2023-11-07
- ↑ Floor, Willem (2010). "Who were the Shamkhal and the Usmi?". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. 160 (2): 341–381. doi:10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.160.2.0341. ISSN 0341-0137.
- ↑ Savory, Roger (2007). Iran under the Safavids. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–288. ISBN 0-521-04251-8.