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The Albanian Armed Forces are the military of Albania and were formed after the declaration of independence in 1912. Today,it consists of the General Staff,the Albanian Land Force,Albanian Air Force and the Albanian Naval Force.
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The Kosovo Force (KFOR) is a NATO-led international peacekeeping force in Kosovo. Its operations are gradually reducing until Kosovo's Security Force,established in 2009,becomes self-sufficient.
Bashkim Fino was an Albanian socialist politician who served as the 29th Prime Minister of Albania from March to July 1997.
The Strait of Otranto connects the Adriatic Sea with the Ionian Sea and separates Italy from Albania. Its width at Punta Palascìa,east of Salento is less than 72 km. The strait is named after the Italian city of Otranto.
The 2004 unrest in Kosovo is the worst ethnic violence case in Kosovo since the end of the 1998–99 conflict. The violence erupted in the partitioned town of Kosovo Mitrovica,leaving hundreds wounded and at least 14 people dead. The unrest was precipitated by misleading reports in the Kosovo Albanian media which falsely claimed that three Kosovo Albanian boys had drowned after being chased into the Ibar River by a group of Kosovo Serbs. UN peacekeepers and NATO troops scrambled to contain a raging gun battle between Serbs and Albanians. Serbs call the event the March Pogrom,while the Albanians call it the March Unrest.
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Operation Alba was a multinational peacekeeping force sent to Albania in 1997. Led by Italy,it was intended to help the Albanian government restore law and order during the Albanian Civil War.
In World War I,Albania had been an independent state,having gained independence from the Ottoman Empire,on 28 November 1912,following the First Balkan War. It was recognised by the Great Powers as the Principality of Albania,after Turkey officially renounced all its rights in May 1913. Being a fledgling new country,it quickly unravelled and just a few months after taking power,its German ruler,Prince Wilhelm,was forced to flee. After World War I broke out,anarchy took hold of the country as tribes and regions rebelled against central rule. To protect the Greek minority,Greek control was established in the southern districts replacing the Northern Epirote units beginning in October 1914. In response to this,Italy,although officially neutral at the time,also sent troops into the port of Vlorë,while Serbia and Montenegro took control of northern regions. In 1915 Serbia was overrun by combined German,Austro-Hungarian,and Bulgarian forces;the Serbian army retreated across the mountain passes of northern Albania,towards the Adriatic. Italian troops drove the Greeks from southern Albania and brought almost all Albanian territory under their control. Austrian forces invaded in June 1916;Austro-Hungarian forces remained in Albania until the end of the war when a multinational Allied force broke through and pushed them out in 1918.
The Battle of Preveza was the first naval engagement fought during the Italo-Turkish War,which took place in the Ionian Sea on 29–30 September 1911. The action took part in two separate engagements,the first off Preveza,and the second at Gomenítza the following day. Five Italian destroyers encountered a pair of Ottoman torpedo boats off the port of Preveza on 29 September and forced one aground;the second fled into the safety of Preveza. The next day,the Italian destroyers raided Gomenítza,where another two torpedo boats and an armed yacht were at anchor. The Italians sank both torpedo boats and seized the yacht as a prize.
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An incident took place on the Albania–Yugoslav border in April 1999 when the Yugoslav Army shelled several Albanian border towns around Krumë,Tropojë. In these villages,refugees were being housed after fleeing the ongoing war in Kosovo by crossing into Albania. On 13 April 1999,Yugoslav infantry entered Albanian territory to close off an area that was used by the KLA to stage attacks against Yugoslav targets.
The Tragedy of Otranto took place on 28 March 1997 when the Albanian ship Kateri i Radës sank in a collision with the Italian corvette Sibilla (F 558) in the Strait of Otranto and at least 84 Albanians,aged 3 months to 69 years,lost their lives. The emigrants had been part of a large migration of Albanians to Italy during the 1997 Albanian civil unrest,that began after the collapse of several large-scale pyramid schemes. To prevent the unauthorized entry of migrants into Italy,the Italian Navy set up a procedure to board Albanian vessels whenever encountered,implementing a de facto blockade.
Safet Zhulali was an Albanian politician who served as Defence Minister in the Meksi I &II Governments. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly from 1992 until 1997.
Sabit Brokaj was an Albanian politician,doctor,and professor. In 1991 Brokaj served as the Minister of Health of Albania.
The undefined borders of the Albanian state following the Treaty of London in 1913,made way for instability within Albania and the potential for her neighbours to claim certain sections of her yet to be defined lands. When the Kingdom of Serbs,Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia) decided to press claims to the lands in the North of Albania following a rebellion there,and escalated the situation by sending troops to the Albanian borders,war loomed on the horizon for both countries. Which encouraged the League of Nations to try and settle the situation in a peaceful manner.
References
- ↑ Perlez, Jane (15 March 1997). "Albania Chief's Associates Flee; Gunfire Halts Evacuation by U.S." New York Times . Retrieved 5 July 2016.
- 1 2 "Boat tragedy splits Italy over protection force". The Times. 2 April 1997.
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