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Francisco "Pancho" Villa was a Mexican revolutionary and general in the Mexican Revolution. He was a key figure in the revolutionary movement that forced out President Porfirio Díaz and brought Francisco I. Madero to power in 1911. When Madero was ousted by a coup led by General Victoriano Huerta in February 1913, Villa joined the anti-Huerta forces in the Constitutionalist Army led by Venustiano Carranza. After the defeat and exile of Huerta in July 1914, Villa broke with Carranza. Villa dominated the meeting of revolutionary generals that excluded Carranza and helped create a coalition government. Emiliano Zapata and Villa became formal allies in this period. Like Zapata, Villa was strongly in favor of land reform, but did not implement it when he had power. At the height of his power and popularity in late 1914 and early 1915, the U.S. considered recognizing Villa as Mexico's legitimate authority.
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Robert Dean Stockwell was an American actor with a career spanning seven decades. As a child actor under contract to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, he appeared in Anchors Aweigh (1945), Song of the Thin Man (1947), The Green Years (1946), Gentleman's Agreement (1947), The Boy with Green Hair (1948), and Kim (1950). As a young adult, he had a lead role in the 1957 Broadway and 1959 screen adaptation of Compulsion; and in 1962 he played Edmund Tyrone in the film version of Long Day's Journey into Night, for which he won two Best Actor Awards at the Cannes Film Festival. He was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama for his starring role in the 1960 film version of D. H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers.
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The Constitutionalists were a faction in the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920). They were formed in 1914 as a response to the assassination of Francisco Madero and Victoriano Huerta's coup d'etat. Also known as Carrancistas, taking that name from their leader, Venustiano Carranza the governor Coahuila. The Constitutionalists played the leading role in defeating the Mexican Federal Army on the battlefield. Carranza, a centrist liberal attracted Mexicans across various political ideologies to the Constitutionalist cause. Constitutionalists consisted of mainly middle-class urbanites, liberals, and intellectuals who desired a democratic constitution under the guidelines "Mexico for Mexicans" and Mexican nationalism. Their support for democracy in Mexico, caught the attention of the United States who aided their cause. In 1914, the United States occupied Mexico's largest port in Veracruz in an attempt to starve Huerta's government of customs revenue. They crafted and enforced the Mexican Constitution of 1917 which remains in force today. Following the defeat of General Huerta, the Constitutionalists outmaneuvered their former revolutionary allies Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa becoming the victorious faction of the Mexican Revolution. However the Constitutionalists were divided amongst themselves and Carranza was assassinated in 1920. He was succeeded by General Álvaro Obregón who began enforcing the 1917 constitution and calming revolutionary tensions. His assassination and the subsequent power vacuum this created spurred his successor, Plutarco Elías Calles to create the National Revolutionary Party (PNR) which would hold uninterrupted political power in Mexico until 2000.
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Pancho Villa was famous during the Mexican Revolution and has remained so, holding a fairly mythical reputation in Mexican consciousness, but not officially recognized in Mexico until long after his death. As the "Centaur from the North" he was considered a threat to property and order on both sides of the border, feared, and revered, as a modern Robin Hood.
References
- ↑ Billboard February 24, 1979 Page 71 Country, Nashville Scene by Sally Hinkle
- ↑ Films in Review, Volume 36 Page 43 Dean Stockwell
- ↑ The Movie Lover's Tour of Texas: Reel-Life Rambles Through the Lone Star State By Veva Vonler Page 72 Chapter 3
- ↑ Second Edition - Western Movies: A Guide to 5,105 Feature Films By Michael R. Pitts Page 308 3813, '"She Came to the Valley
- ↑ Turner Classic Movies Overview, Brief Synopsis
- ↑ Rotten Tomatoes She Came to the Valley (1977)
- ↑ México visto por el cine extranjero: 1894 By Emilio García Riera Page 109 8120/1. ?/ SHE CAME TO THE VALLEY
- ↑ The Movie Lover's Tour of Texas: Reel-Life Rambles Through the Lone Star State By Veva Vonler Page 72 Chapter 3
- ↑ Texas Women Writers: A Tradition of Their Own Edited by By Sylvia Ann Grider, Lou Halsell Rodenberger Page 12
- ↑ Shot in Oklahoma: A Century of Sooner State Cinema By John Wooley Page 238
- ↑ Billboard February 24, 1979 Page 71 Country, Nashville Scene by Sally Hinkle
- ↑ The Day January 11, 1979 Page 33 Pardon asked for Pancho Villa By Ken Herman
- ↑ WorldCat Part of the team : story of an American hero (published in 1979)
- ↑ Rotten Tomatoes Sol Marroquin
- ↑ The Monitor Friday, July 18, 2008 'She Came to the Valley' reunion coming up