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Sikhism, also known as Sikhi, is an Indian religion and philosophy that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century CE. It is one of the most recently founded major religions and among the largest in the world with about 25–30 million adherents, known as Sikhs.
Singh is a title, middle name, or surname that means "lion" in various South Asian and Southeast Asian communities. Traditionally used by the Hindu Kshatriya community, it was later mandated in the late 17th century by Guru Gobind Singh for all male Sikhs as well, in part as a rejection of caste-based prejudice and to emulate Rajput naming conventions. As a surname or a middle name, it is now found throughout the world across communities and religious groups, becoming more of a generic, caste-neutral, decorative name—similar to names such as Kumar and Lal.
The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee is an organization in India responsible for the management of gurdwaras, Sikh places of worship, in the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh and the union territory of Chandigarh. SGPC also administers Darbar Sahib in Amritsar.
Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) is a hard-line Sikh nationalist political party led by Simranjit Singh Mann, it is a splinter group of the Shiromani Akali Dal in Punjab, India. They use 'Balti', the Punjabi term for bucket as their official election symbol. Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) was formed on 1 May 1994. The party has seen a resurgence in support after the deaths of Deep Sidhu and Sidhu Moose Wala who were supporters and seen as sympathetic to the cause of Simranjit Singh Mann. Their 2022 Lok Sabha victory after more than two decades has been viewed as a resurgence in a political vacuum due to collapse of other traditional political parties in Punjab. The last major victory for Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) was in the 1989 Lok Sabha elections, where the party and their allies won 10 out of 13 seats from Punjab.
Virk is a last name used by Sikhs in Punjab, India, which is based on that of a Jat clan supposedly founded by a Rajput called Virak.
Sikh names are the names used by Sikhs. The basis of Sikh personal-names are selected through the naam karan ceremony. Nearly all Sikh personal-names carry religious meanings. The usage of Singh or Kaur in a Sikh name is mandated after baptism into the Khalsa and based upon gender. Since the colonial-period, Sikhs have adopted using their caste or clan as a surname and instead use Singh or Kaur as a middle-name rather than a surname. Some Sikhs adopt Khalsa as their surname to mark a departure from any caste identifications based upon names. Trends and systems of Sikh names have changed over time, with a notable shift has been the ending of using gendered name endings toward names being unisex and the popularization of including certain prefixes and suffixes to create dithematic names.
Randhawa is a Jat clan found in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. The Randhawa name has special significance in the history of the Sikh faith, the first appointed Granthi was a Randhawa There are also adherents of Hinduism and Islam belonging to the Randhawa clan.
Sunder Singh Lyallpuri was a leading Sikh member of the Indian independence movement, a general of the Akali Movement, an educationist, and a journalist. Lyallpuri played a key role in the development of the Shiromani Akali Dal and in the Gurdwara Reform Movement of the early 1920s. He was also a founding member of the Central Sikh League. He took part in several roles in the establishment and growth of Indian independence.
Jat Sikh or Jatt Sikh is an ethnoreligious group, a subgroup of the Jat people whose traditional religion is Sikhism, originating from the Indian subcontinent. They are one of the dominant communities in the Punjab, India, owing to their large land holdings. They form an estimated 20–25% of the population of the Indian state of Punjab. They form at least half of the Sikh population in Punjab, with some sources estimating them to be about 60–66% appx. two-third of the Sikh population.
Tyagi, originally called Taga, is a cultivator caste who claim Brahmin status. The landholding community is confined to Western Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan. They are often considered the highest of the agricultural castes. During the British Raj, they changed their name from Taga to Tyagi, and began claiming Brahmin status. As of a 1990 report by the Backward Classes Commission, Government of Haryana, they were mostly engaged in farming. The Government of Haryana granted reservation to Tyagis along with five other castes in 2016. However, the Punjab and Haryana High Court shortly put a stay on the government's order.
Mazhabi Sikh is a community from Northern India, especially Punjab region, who follow Sikhism. Mazhabi are part of wider category of Sikhs, who convert from the valmiki (chuhra) community. The word Mazhabi is derived from the Arabic term mazhab, and can be translated as the faithful. They live mainly in Indian Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana.
Ror is a caste found primarily in the Indian states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
Indian Sikhs number approximately 21 million people and account for 1.7% of India's population as of 2011, forming the country's fourth-largest religious group. The majority of the nation's Sikhs live in the northern state of Punjab, which is the only Sikh-majority administrative division in the world.
Bindra is a Punjabi surname found among Hindu Khatris and Sikh Jatts. Many Bindras, along with many other Hindu Khatri clans were native to the Rawalpindi district of West Punjab before the Partition of India.
Shokeen is a Jat surname. Notable people with the surname include:
The Singh Sabhā Movement, also known as the Singh Sabhā Lehar, was a Sikh movement that began in Punjab in the 1870s in reaction to the proselytising activities of Christians, Hindu reform movements and Muslims. The movement was founded in an era when the Sikh Empire had been dissolved and annexed by the British, the Khalsa had lost its prestige, and mainstream Sikhs were rapidly converting to other religions. The movement's aims were to "propagate the true Sikh religion and restore Sikhism to its pristine glory; to write and distribute historical and religious books of Sikhs; and to propagate Gurmukhi Punjabi through magazines and media." The movement sought to reform Sikhism and bring back into the Sikh fold the apostates who had converted to other religions; as well as to interest the influential British officials in furthering the Sikh community. At the time of its founding, the Singh Sabha policy was to avoid criticism of other religions and political matters.
Sandhu or Sindhu is the second largest clan of Jats in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. The Sandhus played an important role in the Sikh history. During the period of the Sikh Confederacy, Sandhus ruled several sovereign states (misls) including the Nakai Misl, Shaheedan Misl and the Kanhaiya Misl.
The Jat people, also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries. Of Hindu, Muslim and Sikh faiths, they are now found mostly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan and the Pakistani regions of Sindh, Punjab and AJK.
A dera is a type of socio-religious organization in northern India. Jacob Copeman defines the deras as "monasteries or the extended residential sites of religious leaders; frequently just glossed as sect".
Maan is a surname. It is also used by the Jat people in the states of Punjab and Haryana.
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- ↑ The Sheoran caste, a branch of the Sangwan Jats, embraced Sikhism and the ideology of “Na Hum Hindu, Na Musalman” during the Akali movement, aligning with Tatt Khalsa principles. They became instrumental in building Gurudwaras and deras to strengthen Sikh militancy against Hindu extremism. Despite achieving prosperity under the Sikh Empire, their ancestral ties with Sangwan Jats led to enduring land disputes. Known for their high caste status in Sikh society, Sheorans remain a symbol of Sikh ethno-religious resilience and reform, rooted in equality and spiritual sovereignty within the Khalsa tradition. [1]
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- ↑ "what caste does often denominate the classification of "Sheoran or Sheoran Khap under Sikh hierarchy system - Brainly.in". brainly.in. 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-01-27.
The Sheoran caste, a branch of the Sangwan Jats, embraced Sikhism and the ideology of "Na Hum Hindu, Na Musalman" during the Akali movement. .
[ need quotation to verify ]