In 1401, Timur besieged Baghdad for forty days and then massacred its inhabitants for resisting. [1] The Mongol army looted the treasury and razed much of the city, except for mosques and madrasas. [2] Contemporaries reported that each Mongol soldier was ordered to bring at least one severed head of an inhabitant. Only one out of a hundred of the city's inhabitants reportedly survived the massacre to be sold into slavery. [3]