Siege of Brescia | |||||||
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Part of the Wars of the Guelphs and Ghibellines | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Holy Roman Empire | Brescian Guelphs (Lombard League) | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Frederick II | Oberto de Iniquitate [1] |
The siege of Brescia occurred in 1238. After his victory the previous year at the battle of Cortenuova, Emperor Frederick sought to bring about the unconditional surrender of the city of Milan and its allies. Assembling his army in Verona in April 1238, he decided to besiege the Guelf town of Brescia. Emperor Frederick began the siege on 11 July 1238 and it lasted until a successful sortie by the city's defenders in early October forced him to lift the siege. [2]
Year 1238 (MCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1155 (MCLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1190 (MCXC) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Year 1162 (MCLXII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Frederick II was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225. He was the son of emperor Henry VI of the Hohenstaufen dynasty and Queen Constance of Sicily of the Hauteville dynasty.
Amadeus IV was Count of Savoy from 1233 to 1253.
The Guelphs and Ghibellines were factions supporting respectively the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor in the Italian city-states of Central Italy and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages.
The Lombard League was a medieval alliance formed in 1167, supported by the popes, to counter the attempts by the Hohenstaufen Holy Roman emperors to assert influence over the Kingdom of Italy as a part of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Battle of Cortenuova was fought on 27 November 1237 in the course of the Guelphs and Ghibellines Wars: in it, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II defeated the Second Lombard League.
Leopold I, called The Glorious, was Duke of Austria and Styria – as co-ruler with his elder brother Frederick the Fair – from 1308 until his death. A member of the House of Habsburg, he was the third son of Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol, a scion of the Meinhardiner dynasty.
Konrad von Hochstaden was Archbishop of Cologne from 1238 to 1261.
Enzo was an illegitimate son of the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II, who appointed him 'King of Sardinia' in 1238. He played a major role in the wars between Guelphs and Ghibellines in the Imperial kingdom of Italy, and was captured by his enemies in 1249. He remained imprisoned in Bologna until his death.
The siege of Viterbo was fought in 1243 between the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and the rebellious city of Viterbo, 50 km north of Rome.
The Battle of Fossalta was a battle of the War of the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Northern Italy. It took place in Fossalta, a small location on the Panaro River, and is especially remembered for the capture of Enzio of Sardinia, son of Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen.
Albertanus of Brescia was an author of Latin social treatises and sermons.
Henry I, a member of the House of Ascania, was Count of Anhalt from 1212 and the first ruling Anhalt prince from 1218 until his death.
Berthold was the count of Andechs from 1204, the archbishop of Kalocsa from 1206 until 1218, and the patriarch of Aquileia from 1218 until his death.
Heinrich of Meissen was Bishop of Meissen from December 1228 to his death.
Manfred IILancia or Lança, was the eldest son of Manfred I and nominally margrave of Busca. He became an Imperial Vicar and a faithful follower of Frederick II.
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