Skills-based hiring

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Skills-based hiring refers to the practice of employers setting specific skill or competency requirements or targets. Skills and competencies may be cognitive (such as mathematics or reading) or other professional skills, often commonly called "soft" skills (such as "drive for results" or customer service).

Contents

Purpose

The intent of skills-based hiring is for applicants to demonstrate, independent of an academic degree the skills required to be successful on the job. It is also a mechanism by which employers may clearly and publicly advertise the expectations for the job – for example indicating they are looking for a particular set of skills at an appropriately communicated level of proficiency. The result of matching the specific skill requirements of a particular job to with the skills an individual has is both more efficient for the employer to identify qualified candidates, as well as provides an alternative, more precise method for candidates to communicate their knowledge, skills, abilities and behaviors to the employer.

Process

In skills-based hiring, the applicant is tested by a third party and presents the scores to the employer as part of the application process. In this sense, skills-based hiring is similar to the U.S. practice of individuals taking third party (e.g., SAT or ACT) tests, and then using those scores as part of a college application. Skills-based hiring is distinct from pre-employment testing, in that it is not the employer who issues the test or controls who sees the scores.

The specific skills needed for a job, and their corresponding levels, are established by the employer through job profiling. Thus, skills-based hiring requires not only that suitable tests be available for applicants, but also that employers have a legally compliant process for defining the levels and suite of skills required for each distinct job title for which they wish to hire.

Advantages

Advocates of skills-based hiring claim it has the following beneficial effects for employers:

And the following beneficial effects for applicants:

Disadvantages

The disadvantages of skills-based hiring cited are, for the employer:

And for the applicant:

Etymology

While the practice of skills-based hiring had existed for 20 years, the term itself originated in 2012 with the work of the Kellogg Foundation-funded New Options project in New Mexico. New Options developed the term in an attempt to distinguish between private employability testing and the rarer practice of having an employer set specific, independently verified, and publicly articulated goals for the skill expectations of job applicants. The public nature of the communication, usually in the form of want ads containing specific numeric skill scores, was intended to allow both school systems and individuals to more readily measure themselves against, and strive to meet, employer expectations.

Pilot projects

The City of Albuquerque launched a pilot program with the nonprofit Innovate+Educate focused around skills-based hiring in 2013. [18]

The private company Zyncd launched a pilot program called IM-Exchange with the UK Government's Transport Systems Catapult, which is testing professionals' skills in question-and-answer format, using the crowd to verify their skills. [19]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Recruitment</span> Process of attracting, selecting and appointing candidates to a job or other organization

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Job interview</span> Type of interview

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ACT WorkKeys consists of three elements:

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Ban the Box is an American campaign by advocates for ex-offenders aimed at removing the check box that asks if applicants have a criminal record from hiring applications. Its purpose is to enable ex-offenders to display their qualifications in the hiring process before being asked about their criminal records. The premise of the campaign is that anything that makes it harder for ex-offenders to find a job makes it likelier that they will reoffend, which is bad for society.

ACT, Inc. is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, primarily known for the ACT, a standardized test designed to assess high school students' academic achievement and college readiness. For the U.S. high school graduating class of 2019, 52 percent of graduates had taken the ACT test; the more than 1.78 million students included virtually all high school graduates in 17 states.

TVET refers to all forms and levels of education and training which provide knowledge and skills related to occupations in various sectors of economic and social life through formal, non-formal and informal learning methods in both school-based and work-based learning contexts. To achieve its aims and purposes, TVET focuses on the learning and mastery of specialized techniques and the scientific principles underlying those techniques, as well as general knowledge, skills and values.

A points-based immigration system is an immigration system where a noncitizen's eligibility to immigrate is determined by whether that noncitizen is able to score above a threshold number of points in a scoring system that might include such factors as education level, wealth, connection with the country, language fluency, existing job offer, or others. Points-based immigration systems are sometimes also referred to as merit-based immigration systems.

Refugee employment refers to the employment of refugees. Gaining access to legal paid work can be a requirement for asylum status or citizenship in a host country and may be done with or without the assistance of non-governmental organizations. In some specific cases, refugees may also be given work by NGO's while en route to their intended destination. The latter may occur, if the intended destination country have closed their borders to migrants, and if staying in the origin country isn't an option either.

Artificial intelligence (AI) in hiring involves the use of technology to automate aspects of the hiring process. Advances in artificial intelligence, such as the advent of machine learning and the growth of big data, enable AI to be utilized to recruit, screen, and predict the success of applicants. Proponents of artificial intelligence in hiring claim it reduces bias, assists with finding qualified candidates, and frees up human resource workers' time for other tasks, while opponents worry that AI perpetuates inequalities in the workplace and will eliminate jobs. Despite the potential benefits, the ethical implications of AI in hiring remain a subject of debate, with concerns about algorithmic transparency, accountability, and the need for ongoing oversight to ensure fair and unbiased decision-making throughout the recruitment process.

References

  1. 1 2 3 ACT. 911 Communications Center Case Study. https://www.getgds.com/resources/case-studies/emergency-communications-center-case-study
  2. 1 2 ACT. PGT Industries Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/pgt.html
  3. ↑ ACT. Jacksonville Medical Center Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/shands.html
  4. ↑ ACT. Suburu of Indiana Automotive Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/subaru.html
  5. ↑ ACT. Inova Health System Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/inova.html
  6. 1 2 ACT. Steelscape Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/steelscape.html
  7. ↑ ACT. Bradner Village (health care center & retirement community) Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/bradner.html
  8. ↑ ACT. CG Power Systems Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/cgpower.html
  9. 1 2 3 New Options New Mexico. Buckman Water Case Study. http://www.newoptionsnm.info/pdfs/buckman_regional.pdf
  10. 1 2 3 ACT. Energizer Case Study. http://www.act.org/workforce/case/energizer.html
  11. ↑ Wilson, Doug. "Employers Hear How Job Applicant Assessments Can Cut Costs." Quincy Herald-Whig, February 3, 2012.
  12. 1 2 3 "The State of Skills-Based Hiring 2023 - TestGorilla's Annual Report". www.testgorilla.com. Retrieved 2023-10-06.
  13. 1 2 New Options New Mexico. Farmington Public Library Case Study. http://www.newoptionsnm.info/pdfs/farmington_public_library.pdf
  14. 1 2 CRC Advocates. The National Career Readiness Certificate, WorkKeys and Employers. http://www.ncrcadvocates.org/PublicDocs/Employers/Employer%20List%20AUG%202011.pdf
  15. ↑ "Skills Based Hiring: The Ultimate Guide - TestPartnership". www.testpartnership.com. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
  16. ↑ Keytrain. http://www.keytrain.com/
  17. ↑ WIN. http://www.w-win.com/
  18. ↑ CABQ http://www.cabq.gov/mayor/news/mayor-berry-launches-talent-albuquerque
  19. ↑ UK's Transport System Catapult launches IM-Exchange pilot https://ts.catapult.org.uk/-/imexchange
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