Sonya Dyhrman

Last updated
Sonya T. Dyhrman
Born1972
Alma mater Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Scientific career
Institutions Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Columbia University, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory
Thesis Cellular markers of phosphate stress in phytoplankton  (1999)

Sonya Dyhrman is an earth and environmental sciences professor [1] who studies the physiology of phytoplankton and their role within marine ecosystems. She is also a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology. [2]

Contents

Education and career

Dyrhman grew up in Washington where she spent days clamming on Puget Sound and started scuba diving before she could drive. [1] She went to Dartmouth College and received her B.A. in 1994. She then earned her Ph.D. from Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego in 1999. [3] Following her Ph.D., she joined Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as postdoc and transitioned onto the scientific staff in 2002. In 2014, she moved to Columbia University, Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) where she is a professor in earth and environmental sciences. [4] [5]

Research

Dyhrman uses molecular tools to examine phytoplankton in marine systems, with a focus on their ecosystem structure and biogeochemical impact. Her Ph.D. research examined the role of phosphate stress on phytoplankton [3] where she identified proteins found in dinoflagellates grown under phosphate-limited conditions [6] and then applied this tool to assess phosphate-stress conditions in the field. [7] She has examined variability in how phytoplankton consume and produce different forms of phosphorus including dissolved organic phosphorus, [8] polyphosphate, [9] and phosphonates. [10] Dyhrman has also looked at cell-specific phosphorus stress using Trichodesmium as a model cyanobacteria, [11] and specifically examined how use Trichodesmium use phosphonate in the ocean. [12] [13] A portion of her research interests include investigations into diatoms, [14] [15] [16] cyanobacteria, [17] and harmful algal organisms. [18] [19]

Selected publications

Awards and honors

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Algal bloom</span> Spread of planktonic algae in water

An algal bloom or algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems. It is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellular organisms like seaweed and microscopic unicellular organisms like cyanobacteria. Algal bloom commonly refers to the rapid growth of microscopic unicellular algae, not macroscopic algae. An example of a macroscopic algal bloom is a kelp forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phytoplankton</span> Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem

Phytoplankton are the autotrophic (self-feeding) algae component of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words φυτόν, meaning 'plant', and πλαγκτός, meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'.

<i>Trichodesmium</i> Genus of bacteria

Trichodesmium, also called sea sawdust, is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria. They are found in nutrient poor tropical and subtropical ocean waters. Trichodesmium is a diazotroph; that is, it fixes atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium, a nutrient used by other organisms. Trichodesmium is thought to fix nitrogen on such a scale that it accounts for almost half of the nitrogen fixation in marine systems globally. Trichodesmium is the only known diazotroph able to fix nitrogen in daylight under aerobic conditions without the use of heterocysts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Redfield ratio</span>

The Redfield ratio or Redfield stoichiometry is the consistent atomic ratio of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus found in marine phytoplankton and throughout the deep oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phosphorus cycle</span> Biogeochemical cycle

The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that involves the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles, the atmosphere does not play a significant role in the movement of phosphorus, because phosphorus and phosphorus-based materials do not enter the gaseous phase readily, as the main source of gaseous phosphorus, phosphine, is only produced in isolated and specific conditions. Therefore, the phosphorus cycle is primarily examined studying the movement of orthophosphate (PO4)3-, the form of phosphorus that is most commonly seen in the environment, through terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bacterioplankton</span> Bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column

Bacterioplankton refers to the bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word πλαγκτός (planktós), meaning "wandering" or "drifting", and bacterium, a Latin term coined in the 19th century by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg. They are found in both seawater and fresh water.

<i>Ditylum brightwellii</i> Species of diatom

Ditylum brightwellii is a species of cosmopolitan marine centric diatoms. It is a unicellular photosynthetic autotroph that has the ability to divide rapidly and contribute to spring phytoplankton blooms.

Trichodesmium erythraeum is a marine cyanobacteria species characterized by its prolific diazotrophic capabilities. They play a dominant role in the ocean ecosystem, supplying a steady and significant source of new, biologically available nitrogen and cycling phosphorus. By nature of its filamentous morphology, T. erythraeum is also known to congregate into large, long colonies, sizeable enough to be seen as sawdust-like particles to the naked eye and pigmented marine regions in satellite images, typically found in oligotrophic tropical and subtropical waters. These blooms are responsible for the famous coloration of the Red Sea.

<i>Crocosphaera watsonii</i> Species of bacterium

Crocosphaera watsonii is an isolate of a species of unicellular diazotrophic marine cyanobacteria which represent less than 0.1% of the marine microbial population. They thrive in offshore, open-ocean oligotrophic regions where the waters are warmer than 24 degrees Celsius. Crocosphaera watsonii cell density can exceed 1,000 cells per milliliter within the euphotic zone; however, their growth may be limited by the concentration of phosphorus. Crocosphaera watsonii are able to contribute to the oceanic carbon and nitrogen budgets in tropical oceans due to their size, abundance, and rapid growth rate. Crocosphaera watsonii are unicellular nitrogen fixers that fix atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia during the night and contribute to new nitrogen in the oceans. They are a major source of nitrogen to open-ocean systems. Nitrogen fixation is important in the oceans as it not only allows phytoplankton to continue growing when nitrogen and ammonium are in very low supply but it also replenishes other forms of nitrogen, thus fertilizing the ocean and allowing more phytoplankton growth.

Trichodesmium thiebautii is a cyanobacteria that is often found in open oceans of tropical and subtropical regions and is known to be a contributor to large oceanic surface blooms. This microbial species is a diazotroph, meaning it fixes nitrogen gas (N2), but it does so without the use of heterocysts. T. thiebautii is able to simultaneously perform oxygenic photosynthesis. T. thiebautii was discovered in 1892 by M.A. Gomont. T. thiebautii are important for nutrient cycling in marine habitats because of their ability to fix N2, a limiting nutrient in ocean ecosystems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viral shunt</span>

The viral shunt is a mechanism that prevents marine microbial particulate organic matter (POM) from migrating up trophic levels by recycling them into dissolved organic matter (DOM), which can be readily taken up by microorganisms. The DOM recycled by the viral shunt pathway is comparable to the amount generated by the other main sources of marine DOM.

Benjamin Van Mooy is an oceanographer and senior scientist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution located in Woods Hole, MA. His work primarily focuses on chemical oceanography, with a particular focus on the production and remineralization of marine organic matter.

Richelia is a genus of nitrogen-fixing, filamentous, heterocystous and cyanobacteria. It contains the single species Richelia intracellularis. They exist as both free-living organisms as well as symbionts within potentially up to 13 diatoms distributed throughout the global ocean. As a symbiont, Richelia can associate epiphytically and as endosymbionts within the periplasmic space between the cell membrane and cell wall of diatoms.

Mary Jane Perry is an American oceanographer known for the use of optics to study marine phytoplankton.

Low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (LNLC)regions are aquatic zones that are low in nutrients and consequently have low rate of primary production, as indicated by low chlorophyll concentrations. These regions can be described as oligotrophic, and about 75% of the world's oceans encompass LNLC regions. A majority of LNLC regions are associated with subtropical gyres but are also present in areas of the Mediterranean Sea, and some inland lakes. Physical processes limit nutrient availability in LNLC regions, which favors nutrient recycling in the photic zone and selects for smaller phytoplankton species. LNLC regions are generally not found near coasts, since coastal areas receive more nutrients from terrestrial sources and upwelling. In marine systems, seasonal and decadal variability of primary productivity in LNLC regions is driven in part by large-scale climatic regimes leading to important effects on the global carbon cycle and the oceanic carbon cycle.

Patricia Marguerite Glibert is a marine scientist known for her research on nutrient use by phytoplankton and harmful algal blooms in Chesapeake Bay. She is an elected fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tatiana Rynearson</span> American oceanographer

Tatiana Rynearson is an American oceanographer who is a professor at the University of Rhode Island. Her research considers plankton diversity and abundance. Rynearson has been on several research cruises, including trips to the North Sea, Puget Sound, the Gulf of Mexico and the North Atlantic.

Curtis A. Suttle is a Canadian microbiologist and oceanographer who is a faculty member at the University of British Columbia. Suttle is a Distinguished University Professor who holds appointments in Earth & Ocean Sciences, Botany, Microbiology & Immunology and the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. On 29 December, 2021 he was named to the Order of Canada. His research is focused on the ecology of viruses in marine systems as well as other natural environments.

Margaret Ruth Mulholland is professor at Old Dominion University known for her work on nutrients in marine and estuarine environments.

Susanne Menden-Deuer is an oceanographer and marine scientist known for her work on marine food webs, including their structure and function. As of 2022, she is president-elect of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.

References

  1. 1 2 Stern, Carly (2020-03-09). "The Scientist Tackling the Ocean Food Chain". OZY. Archived from the original on 2021-12-24. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  2. 1 2 "Sonya Dyhrman Named Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology". State of the Planet. 7 February 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  3. 1 2 Dyhrman, Sonya T (1999). Cellular markers of phosphate stress in phytoplankton. OCLC   1086373412 . Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  4. ↑ "Sonya Dyhrman - Staff Profiles - The Earth Institute - Columbia University". www.earth.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  5. 1 2 3 "Sonya Dyhrman". Simons Foundation. 2014-10-05. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  6. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Palenik, Brian P. (1997). "The Identification and Purification of a Cell-Surface Alkaline Phosphatase from the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum Minimum (dinophyceae)1". Journal of Phycology. 33 (4): 602–612. Bibcode:1997JPcgy..33..602D. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1997.00602.x. ISSN   1529-8817. S2CID   84642849.
  7. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Palenik, Brian (1999). "Phosphate Stress in Cultures and Field Populations of the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum Detected by a Single-Cell Alkaline Phosphatase Assay". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 65 (7): 3205–3212. Bibcode:1999ApEnM..65.3205D. doi:10.1128/aem.65.7.3205-3212.1999. PMC   91475 . PMID   10388722.
  8. ↑ Ruttenberg, Kathleen C.; Dyhrman, Sonya T. (2005). "Temporal and spatial variability of dissolved organic and inorganic phosphorus, and metrics of phosphorus bioavailability in an upwelling-dominated coastal system". Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 110 (C10). Bibcode:2005JGRC..11010S13R. doi:10.1029/2004JC002837. hdl: 1912/3687 . ISSN   2156-2202.
  9. ↑ Martin, P.; Dyhrman, S. T.; Lomas, M. W.; Poulton, N. J.; Van Mooy, B. A. S. (2014-04-21). "Accumulation and enhanced cycling of polyphosphate by Sargasso Sea plankton in response to low phosphorus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (22): 8089–8094. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111.8089M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1321719111 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   4050623 . PMID   24753593.
  10. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.; Orchard, Elizabeth D.; Haley, Sheean T.; Pellechia, Perry J. (2009). "A microbial source of phosphonates in oligotrophic marine systems". Nature Geoscience. 2 (10): 696–699. Bibcode:2009NatGe...2..696D. doi:10.1038/ngeo639. ISSN   1752-0908.
  11. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Webb, Eric A.; Anderson, Donald M.; Moffett, James W.; Waterbury, John B. (2002). "Cell-specific detection of phosphorus stress in Trichodesmium from the Western North Atlantic". Limnology and Oceanography. 47 (6): 1832–1836. Bibcode:2002LimOc..47.1832S. doi: 10.4319/lo.2002.47.6.1832 . ISSN   1939-5590.
  12. ↑ Dyhrman, S. T.; Chappell, P. D.; Haley, S. T.; Moffett, J. W.; Orchard, E. D.; Waterbury, J. B.; Webb, E. A. (January 2006). "Phosphonate utilization by the globally important marine diazotroph Trichodesmium". Nature. 439 (7072): 68–71. Bibcode:2006Natur.439...68D. doi:10.1038/nature04203. ISSN   1476-4687. PMID   16397497. S2CID   4409898.
  13. ↑ "Ocean's hidden fertilizer: Marine plants play major role in phosphorus cycling". phys.org. May 14, 2015. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  14. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Jenkins, Bethany D.; Rynearson, Tatiana A.; Saito, Mak A.; Mercier, Melissa L.; Alexander, Harriet; Whitney, LeAnn P.; Drzewianowski, Andrea; Bulygin, Vladimir V.; Bertrand, Erin M.; Wu, Zhijin (2012-03-29). "The Transcriptome and Proteome of the Diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana Reveal a Diverse Phosphorus Stress Response". PLOS ONE. 7 (3): e33768. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...733768D. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033768 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   3315573 . PMID   22479440.
  15. ↑ Alexander, Harriet; Jenkins, Bethany D.; Rynearson, Tatiana A.; Dyhrman, Sonya T. (2015-04-13). "Metatranscriptome analyses indicate resource partitioning between diatoms in the field". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (17): E2182–E2190. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112E2182A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1421993112 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   4418864 . PMID   25870299.
  16. ↑ "Coexisting in a sea of competition: Similar diatom species seek out nutrients in different ways". phys.org. April 13, 2015. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  17. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Haley, Sheean T. (2006). "Phosphorus Scavenging in the Unicellular Marine Diazotroph Crocosphaera watsonii". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 72 (2): 1452–1458. Bibcode:2006ApEnM..72.1452D. doi:10.1128/aem.72.2.1452-1458.2006. PMC   1392970 . PMID   16461699.
  18. ↑ Dyhrman, Sonya T.; Haley, Sheean T.; Borchert, Jerry A.; Lona, Bob; Kollars, Nicole; Erdner, Deana L. (2010). "Parallel Analyses of Alexandrium catenella Cell Concentrations and Shellfish Toxicity in the Puget Sound". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76 (14): 4647–4654. Bibcode:2010ApEnM..76.4647D. doi:10.1128/aem.03095-09. PMC   2901750 . PMID   20495054.
  19. ↑ Wurch, Louie L.; Haley, Sheean T.; Orchard, Elizabeth D.; Gobler, Christopher J.; Dyhrman, Sonya T. (2011). "Nutrient-regulated transcriptional responses in the brown tide-forming alga Aureococcus anophagefferens". Environmental Microbiology. 13 (2): 468–481. Bibcode:2011EnvMi..13..468W. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02351.x. ISSN   1462-2920. PMC   3282463 . PMID   20880332.
  20. ↑ "Sonya Dyhrman". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
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