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Hoplites were citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Hoplite soldiers used the phalanx formation to be effective in war with fewer soldiers. The formation discouraged the soldiers from acting alone, for this would compromise the formation and minimize its strengths. The hoplites were primarily represented by free citizens – propertied farmers and artisans – who were able to afford a linen armour or a bronze armour suit and weapons. It also appears in the stories of Homer, but it is thought that its use began in earnest around the 7th century BC, when weapons became cheap during the Iron Age and ordinary citizens were able to provide their own weapons. Most hoplites were not professional soldiers and often lacked sufficient military training. Some states maintained a small elite professional unit, known as the epilektoi or logades since they were picked from the regular citizen infantry. These existed at times in Athens, Sparta, Argos, Thebes, and Syracuse, among other places. Hoplite soldiers made up the bulk of ancient Greek armies.ｓ
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References
- ↑ Boardman, John (1988-11-25). The Cambridge Ancient History: Plates to Volume 4 - John Boardman - Google Books. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521305808 . Retrieved 2012-02-16– via Google Books.
- ↑ "Soldiers in ancient times: army units, archers, shield-bearers, slingers, spearmen, heavy infantry". Bible-lands.net. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
- ↑ "Civilization V: Ancient Era Units Guide". GamerStrategy. Retrieved 2012-02-16.