St. Nicholas Cathedral, Stendal (German: Dom St. Nikolaus) is a brick Gothic church on the edge of the Old City of Stendal, in the Altmark of Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt), Germany. The church, now affiliated with the Protestant (Lutheran) Evangelical Church in Germany, is famous for its large complement of late-medieval stained-glass windows.
St. Nicholas was founded in 1188 by the Otto II, Margrave of Brandenburg and his brother Heinrich von Gardelegen, sons of Margrave Otto I, as a Collegiate church. As such, it was independent from the bishops of Brandenburg and under the direct supervision of the Papacy, and it exercised a leading religious role in the Mark. [1] [2]
The original church was a basilica with a nave, apse and two towers. The latter have survived the centuries and remain a landmark of Stendal. The balance of the current structure dates from 1423. [3] The building extant today is largely as completed in the mid-15th century: A hall church with three transepts and an extended choir.
In 1551, as a result of the Reformation that swept northern Germany, St Nicholas's status as collegiate church was revoked, and its goods were conveyed to the University of Frankfurt at Frankfurt an der Oder. [4]
Late in the Second World War, St. Nicholas suffered heavy damage from a U.S. bombing attack on April 8, 1945 – one month before the German capitulation. However, the cathedral's 22 medieval stained-glass windows had been recently removed and placed in safe storage, so they survived the war undamaged. [5] Reconstruction started in 1946, was interrupted several times and was completed in 2013. [6]
The windows remain the highlight of St. Nicholas's artistic attractions. They were created between 1425 and 1480, and thoroughly restored in the 19th century. [7]
Hans Suess, known as Hans von Kulmbach, was a German artist. He was born around 1480 in Kulmbach, Franconia and died prior to 3 December 1522 in Nuremberg. Hans von Kulmbach was the artist who created the Kraków St John's Altar.
The Altmark is a historic region in Germany, comprising the northern third of Saxony-Anhalt. As the initial territory of the March of Brandenburg, it is sometimes referred to as the "Cradle of Prussia", as by Otto von Bismarck, a native from Schönhausen near Stendal.
Havelland is a district or county in Brandenburg, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Ostprignitz-Ruppin and Oberhavel, the city-state of Berlin, the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark, the city of Brandenburg and the state of Saxony-Anhalt.
The Hanseatic City of Stendal is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of the Stendal District and the unofficial capital of the Altmark region.
The Berlin Cathedral, also known as the Evangelical Supreme Parish and Collegiate Church, is a monumental German Protestant church and dynastic tomb on the Museum Island in central Berlin. Having its origins as a castle chapel for the Berlin Palace, several structures have served to house the church since the 15th century. The present collegiate church was built from 1894 to 1905 by order of Emperor William II according to plans by Julius Raschdorff in Renaissance and Baroque Revival styles. The listed building is the largest Protestant church in Germany and one of the most important dynastic tombs in Europe. In addition to church services, the cathedral is used for state ceremonies, concerts and other events.
Tangermünde is a historic town on the Elbe River in the district of Stendal, in the northeastern part of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
The Archdiocese of Berlin is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Germany. The archepiscopal see is in Berlin, with the archdiocese's territory extending over Northeast Germany.
Catherine of Brandenburg-Küstrin was a Margravine of Brandenburg-Küstrin by birth and Electress of Brandenburg by marriage.
John I, Margrave of Brandenburg was from 1220 until his death Margrave of Brandenburg, jointly with his brother Otto III "the Pious".
Rudolf I, a member of the House of Ascania, was Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg from 1298 until his death. By the Golden Bull of 1356 he was acknowledged as Elector of Saxony.
Otto III, nicknamed the pious was Margrave of Brandenburg jointly with his elder brother John I until John died in 1266. Otto III then ruled alone, until his death, the following year.
Otto IV, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, nicknamed Otto with the arrow was the Margrave of Brandenburg from the House of Ascania from 1266 until his death.
John II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal was co-ruler of Brandenburg with his brother Otto "with the arrow" from 1266 until his death. He also used the title Lord of Krossen, after a town in the Neumark.
Halle Cathedral is the oldest surviving church in the old part of the city Halle, Saale. Beside it resided the Archbishop of Magdeburg, who ruled the city for a long period. Albert of Brandenburg remodelled the church's exterior from 1520 onwards and built the neighbouring Neue Residenz, aiming to make the church one of the most influential and powerful monasteries north of the Alps.
Udo August Ernst von Alvensleben was a German art historian.
The St. Peter and Paul cathedral is the largest medieval church in Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg, Germany. Construction began in 1165 as a Romanesque Saalkirche. It was expanded several times to a three-aisled Brick Gothic basilica. The cathedral is commonly designated “the cradle of the Mark Brandenburg” for its historic significance. The patron saints are Peter and Paul.
The Ewiger Pfennig or eternal penny was a coin of the regional pfennig period, which was minted until the late medieval groschen time. These coins are mostly of the Hohlpfennig or "hollow pfennig" type which, unlike bracteates, had to be exchanged regularly for a fee but were not subject to annual recall of coins in circulation, the Münzverruf.
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