St John's Chapel, Bedford Row | |
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Location | London |
Country | United Kingdom |
Denomination | Anglican |
St John's Chapel, Bedford Row, in Bloomsbury, London (opened 1721 - demolished 1863), was a proprietary chapel and the home of a large evangelical Anglican congregation in the 19th century. According to The Eclectic Review it was built for people who seceded from the congregation of St Andrew's, Holborn after Henry Sacheverell was forced on them by Queen Anne in 1713. It was located at the northwest corner of Millman Street and Chapel Street (now Rugby Street), Holborn, London, in the proximity of Bedford Row, and was opened in the year 1721.
When Rev Richard Cecil became minister there in March, 1780, it was described as being "the largest Church of England chapel in London. Having been much neglected, it required a large sum for its repair. [1]
Daniel Wilson, later Bishop of Calcutta, became assistant curate there in 1808 and was the minister from 1812 to 1824. From 1824 to 1826 Charles Jerram was minister, before resigning to return to his incumbency as vicar of Chobham, Surrey. From 1827 to 1848, Baptist Wriotheseley Noel was the incumbent. He afterwards became a Baptist. In 1848–9 Thomas Dealtry, perhaps better known as Archdeacon of Calcutta and Bishop of Madras, was incumbent, as was Joseph Butterworth Owen later from 1854 to 1857.
According to Grayson Carter in Anglican Evangelicals after Noel's departure the chapel continued its evangelical ministry but not its prominence. The roof collapsed in November 1856, and the building was demolished in 1863. The church was associated with the Clapham Sect and the Eclectic Society, and with William Wilberforce and Zachary Macaulay.
In an earlier period John Worgan was organist (from 1760), and William Riley (fl. 1760–90), author of Parochial music corrected and The divine harmonist's assistant was singing master and clerk at this chapel.
In 1814 Miss Theophania Cecil produced The Psalm and Hymn Tunes used at St. John's Chapel, Bedford Row.
The organ built for the chapel in 1821 by Henry Lincoln was moved to Thaxted Parish Church in 1858. This organ was played at Thaxted by Gustav Holst at the time he composed The Planets . It was restored in 2014-15 by Goetze & Gwynn. [2]
The General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches is the umbrella organisation for Unitarian, Free Christians, and other liberal religious congregations in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It was formed in 1928, with denominational roots going back to the Great Ejection of 1662. Its headquarters is Essex Hall in central London, on the site of the first avowedly Unitarian chapel in England, set up in 1774.
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Daniel Wilson was an English Bishop of Calcutta.
The Reverend The Honourable Baptist Wriothesley Noel was an English evangelical clergyman of aristocratic family. He was minister of St John's Chapel, Bedford Row, London, from 1827 to 1848, In 1849 he became a Baptist minister and pastor of the nearby John Street Baptist Church in Bloomsbury, following the death of the former pastor, James Harington Evans. Noel twice served as President of the Baptist Union. A portrait of him hangs outside the library of Regent's Park College, Oxford.
Richard Cecil was a leading Evangelical Anglican priest of the 18th and 19th centuries.
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A proprietary chapel is a chapel that originally belonged to a private person, but with the intention that it would be open to the public, rather than restricted to members of a family or household, or members of an institution. Generally, however, some of the seating—sometimes a substantial proportion—would be reserved for subscribers. In 19th-century Britain they were common, often being built to cope with urbanisation. Frequently they were set up by evangelical philanthropists with a vision of spreading Christianity in cities whose needs could no longer be met by the parishes. Some functioned more privately, with a wealthy person building a chapel so they could invite their favourite preachers. They are anomalies in English ecclesiastical law, having no parish area, but being able to have an Anglican clergyman licensed there.
During the first half of the nineteenth century "proprietary" chapels flourished in Belgravia, Bath, and other fashionable resorts. They were extra-parochial, and were often run on a commercial basis, supported by pew-rents and sometimes built over wine vaults ... An ingratiating preacher, preferably an invalid ..., a well-nourished verger, and genteel pew-openers did their best to attract the quality ... An advertisement from the Times (1852) gives a good idea of the "ethos" of the proprietary chapel "A young man of family, evangelically disposed, and to whom salary is no object, may hear of a cure in a fashionable West End congregation by addressing the Reverend A.M.O. at Hatchards, Booksellers, Piccadilly."
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Cedric Arnold, Williamson & Hyatt was an English pipe organ maker and refurbisher in Thaxted, Essex formed in 1961 by the merger of the organ building and restoring practices of Cedric Arnold and the firm of Williamson & Hyatt. It was acquired by Hill, Norman & Beard in 1973.