Stephan Hartmann | |
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 Stephan Hartmann (2015) | |
| Born | 1 March 1968 Limburg an der Lahn, Germany |
| Academic background | |
| Education | University of Giessen |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | University of Konstanz London School of Economics Tilburg University University of Munich |
| Website | http://www.stephanhartmann.org/ |
Stephan Hartmann (born 1 March 1968) is a German philosopher and Professor of Philosophy of Science at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich,known for his contributions to formal epistemology.
Hartmann was born in Limburg an der Lahn in Hesse,Germany. He studied physics and philosophy at Justus Liebig University in Giessen,Germany and received his bachelor's degree in 1989. He received his PhD in philosophy from the same university in 1995. He was a visiting scholar at the University of Washington from 1991 to 1992. He became a lecturer in philosophy at the University of Konstanz in 1996 and taught there for two years before becoming an assistant professor of philosophy in 1998. Hartmann was a fellow at the Center for Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh from 2000 to 2001. Back in Germany in 2002 at the University of Konstanz he headed the research group Philosophy,Probability and Modelling together with Luc Bovens.
From 2004 to 2006 he led the Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science (CPNSS) at the London School of Economics and Political Science,and became Professor in LSE's Department of Philosophy,Logic and Scientific Method. In 2007 he became Professor of Philosophy at the Tilburg University,The Netherlands,where he founded and led the Tilburg Center for Logic and Philosophy of Science (TiLPS).
In 2012 Hartmann became Professor of Philosophy of Science in the Faculty of Philosophy,Philosophy of Science and the Study of Religion at LMU Munich,where he also is co-director of the Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy (MCMP). [1] Hartmann is President of the European Philosophy of Science Association [2] (2013–17) and President of the European Society for Analytic Philosophy (2014-2017). [3] Since 2016,he is a member of the German National Academy of Sciences,Leopoldina,and since 2019,he is a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities. [4]
Bayesian probability is an interpretation of the concept of probability,in which,instead of frequency or propensity of some phenomenon,probability is interpreted as reasonable expectation representing a state of knowledge or as quantification of a personal belief.
Rudolf Carnap was a German-language philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism.
Frank Plumpton Ramsey was a British philosopher,mathematician,and economist who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein and,as an undergraduate,translated Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus into English. He was also influential in persuading Wittgenstein to return to philosophy and Cambridge. Like Wittgenstein,he was a member of the Cambridge Apostles,the secret intellectual society,from 1921.
In philosophical epistemology,there are two types of coherentism:the coherence theory of truth,and the coherence theory of justification.
Ian MacDougall Hacking was a Canadian philosopher specializing in the philosophy of science. Throughout his career,he won numerous awards,such as the Killam Prize for the Humanities and the Balzan Prize,and was a member of many prestigious groups,including the Order of Canada,the Royal Society of Canada and the British Academy.
Nicholas Rescher was a German-born American philosopher,polymath,and author,who was a professor of philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1961. He was chairman of the Center for Philosophy of Science and chairman of the philosophy department.
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Carl Gustav "Peter" Hempel was a German writer,philosopher,logician,and epistemologist. He was a major figure in logical empiricism,a 20th-century movement in the philosophy of science. Hempel articulated the deductive-nomological model of scientific explanation,which was considered the "standard model" of scientific explanation during the 1950s and 1960s. He is also known for the raven paradox and Hempel's dilemma.
Bastiaan Cornelis van Fraassen is a Dutch-American philosopher noted for his contributions to philosophy of science,epistemology and formal logic. He is a Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at San Francisco State University and the McCosh Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Princeton University.
Computational epistemology is a subdiscipline of formal epistemology that studies the intrinsic complexity of inductive problems for ideal and computationally bounded agents. In short,computational epistemology is to induction what recursion theory is to deduction. It has been applied to problems in philosophy of science.
Formal epistemology uses formal methods from decision theory,logic,probability theory and computability theory to model and reason about issues of epistemological interest. Work in this area spans several academic fields,including philosophy,computer science,economics,and statistics. The focus of formal epistemology has tended to differ somewhat from that of traditional epistemology,with topics like uncertainty,induction,and belief revision garnering more attention than the analysis of knowledge,skepticism,and issues with justification. Formal Epistemology extenuates into Formal Language Theory.
The lottery paradox arises from Henry E. Kyburg Jr. considering a fair 1,000-ticket lottery that has exactly one winning ticket. If that much is known about the execution of the lottery,it is then rational to accept that some ticket will win.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to epistemology:
Colin Howson was a British philosopher. He was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toronto,where he joined the faculty on 1 July 2008. Previously,he was Professor of Logic at the London School of Economics. He completed a PhD on the philosophy of probability in 1981. In the late 1960s he had been a research assistant of Imre Lakatos at LSE. He died on Sunday 5 January 2020.
Luc Bovens is a Belgian professor of philosophy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Bovens is a former editor of Economics and Philosophy. His main areas of research are moral and political philosophy,philosophy of economics,philosophy of public policy,Bayesian epistemology,rational choice theory,and voting theory. He has also published work,of some controversy to the anti-abortion movement,on issues regarding abortion and natural family planning methods of contraception.
Gregory Wheeler is an American logician,philosopher,and computer scientist,who specializes in formal epistemology. Much of his work has focused on imprecise probability. He is currently Professor of Philosophy and Computer Science at the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management,and has held positions at LMU Munich and the New University of Lisbon. He is a member of the PROGIC steering committee,the editorial boards of Synthese,and Minds and Machines,and was the editor-in-chief of Minds and Machines from 2011 to 2016. In 2019 he co-founded Exaloan AG,a financial technology company based in Frankfurt. He obtained a Ph.D. in philosophy and computer science from the University of Rochester under Henry Kyburg.
Mauricio Suárez is a Spanish anglophone philosopher who specialises in philosophy and history of the natural sciences. He earned a BSc in astrophysics from the University of Edinburgh (1991),and an MSc and a PhD in philosophy of science from the London School of Economics. His doctoral thesis was on "Models of the world,data-models and the practice of science:The semantics of quantum theory". He currently holds a professorship in Logic and Philosophy of Science at Complutense University of Madrid.
Hannes Leitgeb is an Austrian philosopher and mathematician. He is Professor of Philosophy at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and has received a Humboldt Professorship in 2010. His areas of research include logic,epistemology,philosophy of mathematics,philosophy of language,cognitive science,philosophy of science,and history of philosophy.
Wolfgang Konrad Spohn is a German philosopher. He is professor of philosophy and philosophy of science at the University of Konstanz.
Timothy Joel McGrew is a professor of philosophy at Western Michigan University,and the chair of the department of philosophy there. His research interests include epistemology,the history and philosophy of science,and the philosophy of religion. He is a specialist in the philosophical applications of probability theory.
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