Stikine (disambiguation)

Last updated February 25, 2019

Stikine, meaning "great river" in the Tlingit language, may refer to:

The Tlingit language is spoken by the Tlingit people of Southeast Alaska and Western Canada. It is a branch of the Na-Dene language family. Extensive effort is being put into revitalization programs in Southeast Alaska to revive and preserve the Tlingit language and culture.

Geography and locations

the Stikine River, a major river in British Columbia and Alaska
Stikine Strait, a marine waterway in Alaska offshore from the mouth of the Stikine River, near Wrangell, Alaska
Fort Stikine, a trading post and fortification of the Hudson's Bay Company at what is now Wrangell, Alaska
the Stikine Country, aka the Stikine District, a geographic region of the Canadian province of British Columbia, roughly equivalent to the Stikine Mining Division aka Stikine Mining District of the British Columbia Dept. of Mines
the Stikine Plateau, a large regional landform in northwestern British Columbia, inclusive of the Stikine and Taku River basins
the Stikine Ranges, a major subgrouping of the Cassiar Mountains of northern British Columbia
Stikine, British Columbia, aka Boundary, an unincorporated locality and former customs post on the lower Stikine River
Stikine River Provincial Park, a provincial park protecting the Grand Canyon of the Stikine River
Stikine Hot Springs, a hot spring on the lower Stikine River protected by Choquette Hot Springs Provincial Park
the Stikine Volcanic Belt, a subgrouping of volcanoes within the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province in British Columbia
the Stikine Icecap, a large icefield in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains, spanning the British Columbia-Alaska border
Stikine-LeConte Wilderness, a park in the Alaska Panhandle
Tongass/Stikine National Forest, aka the Tongass National Forest, a US national forest in Alaska

The Stikine River is a river, historically also the Stickeen River, approximately 610 km (379 mi) long, in northwestern British Columbia in Canada and in southeast Alaska in the United States.

The Stikine Strait is a strait in the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska, located between Zarembo Island to the west and Etolin and Woronkofski Islands just southwest of the City of Wrangell. The strait's name derives from that of the Stikine River, the outlet of which is just northeast of Wrangell. The strait is shown on an 1844 Russian chart, but the name was first published on Russian Admiralty charts in 1848 as Proliv Stakhinskiy or Stakhin Strait. Other spelling variants over time have been Frances Strait, Stachin Strait, Stachine Strait, Stackine Strait, Stahkeen Strait, Stahkin Strait, Stakeen Strait, Stakhinski Strait, Stickeen Strait, and Stikeen Strait

Fort Stikine was a fur trade post and fortification in what is now the Alaska Panhandle, at the site of the present-day of Wrangell, Alaska, United States. Originally built as the Redoubt San Dionisio or Redoubt Saint Dionysius in 1834, the site was transferred to the British-owned Hudson's Bay Company as part of a lease signed in the region in 1838, and renamed Fort Stikine when turned into a Hudson's Bay Company post in 1839. The post was closed and decommissioned by 1843 but the name remained for the large village of the Stikine people which had grown around it, becoming known as Shakesville in reference to its ruling Chief Shakes by the 1860s. With the Alaska Purchase of 1867, the fortification became occupied by the US Army and was renamed Fort Wrangel, a reference to Baron von Wrangel, who had been Governor of Russian America when the fort was founded. The site today is now part of the city of Wrangell.

Political units

the Stikine Territory, formally the Stickeen Territories, a former British overseas territory established in 1861, absorbed into the Colony of British Columbia in 1863
the Stikine Region, an administrative region of the Canadian province of British Columbia
the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine, a regional district in northwestern British Columbia
Stikine (provincial electoral district), a provincial electoral district in northwestern British Columbia

The Stikine Region is an unincorporated area in northwesternmost British Columbia, Canada and is the only area in B.C. not in a regional district. The Stikine Region was left unincorporated following legislation that established the province's regional districts in 1968 and is not classified as a regional district. It contains no municipal governments which normally constitute the majority of seats on the boards of regional districts. There is only one local planning area, the Atlin Community Planning Area, which was combined in 2009 with the Atlin Community Improvement District to provide fire, landfill, water, streetlighting, sidewalks and advisory land use services. All other services not provided privately are administered directly by various provincial government ministries. The area around Dease Lake, formerly in the Stikine Region, is now within the boundaries of the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine following a boundary amendment in 2008.

The Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine is a type of local government administration in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. As of the Canada 2001 Census it had a population of 40,876 living on a land area of 91,910.63 km². Its administrative offices are in the city of Terrace. The next-largest municipality in the regional district is the District Municipality of Kitimat. The other incorporated municipalities in the regional district are the Village of Hazelton, the District of New Hazelton and the District of Stewart. Unincorporated communities are many, most of them Indian Reserves which are not part of the governmental system of the regional district, which has limited powers relating mostly to municipal-type services. The remote settlement of Dease Lake, formerly in the Stikine Region, was added to the regional district on December 1, 2007.

Stikine is a provincial electoral district in British Columbia, Canada established by the Electoral Districts Act, 2008. It came into effect upon the dissolution of the BC Legislature in April 2009, and was first contested in the 2009 provincial election, and most recently in the 2017 provincial election.

People

Stikine people (Shtaxʼhéen Ḵwáan), a ḵwáan or regional group of the Tlingit

The Stikine people are a ḵwáan or regional group of the Tlingit, today based at Wrangell, Alaska. Their historical territory included Wrangell Island and other islands of the Alexander Archipelago, as well as the basin of the lower Stikine River.

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Related Research Articles

Southeast Alaska, sometimes referred to as the Alaska Panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The majority of Southeast Alaska's area is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains. The region is noted for its scenery and mild rainy climate.

The City and Borough of Wrangell is a borough in the Alaska, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 2,369, up from 2,308 in 2000. Incorporated as a Unified Home Rule Borough on May 30, 2008, Wrangell was previously a city in the Wrangell-Petersburg Census Area. Its Tlingit name is Ḵaachx̱aana.áakʼw. The Tlingit people residing in the Wrangell area, who were there centuries before Europeans, call themselves the Shtaxʼhéen Ḵwáan after the nearby Stikine River. Alternately they use the autonym Shxʼát Ḵwáan, where the meaning of shxʼát is unknown.

The Taku River is a river running from British Columbia, Canada, to the northwestern coast of North America, at Juneau, Alaska. The river basin spreads across 27,500 square kilometres (10,600 sq mi). The Taku is a very productive salmon river and its drainage basin is primarily wilderness.

Telegraph Creek is a small community located off Highway 37 in Northern British Columbia at the confluence of the Stikine River and Telegraph Creek. The only permanent settlement on the Stikine River, it is home to approximately 250 members of Tahltan First Nation and non-native residents. The town offers basic services, including Anglican and Catholic churches, a general store, a post office, a clinic with several nurses on-call around the clock, two Royal Canadian Mounted Police officers, and a k-9 school. Steep river banks and rocky gorges form the terraced nature of the geography.

British Columbia is the westernmost province of Canada, bordered by the Pacific Ocean. With an area of 944,735 square kilometres (364,764 sq mi) it is Canada's third-largest province. The province is almost four times the size of United Kingdom, two and one-half times larger than Japan and larger than every U.S. state except Alaska. It is bounded on the northwest by the U.S. state of Alaska, directly north by Yukon and the Northwest Territories, on the east by Alberta, and on the south by the U.S. states of Washington, Idaho, and Montana. Formerly part of the British Empire, the southern border of British Columbia was established by the 1846 Oregon Treaty. The province is dominated by mountain ranges, among them the Canadian Rockies but dominantly the Coast Mountains, Cassiar Mountains, and the Columbia Mountains. Most of the population is concentrated on the Pacific coast, notably in the area of Vancouver, located on the southwestern tip of the mainland, which is known as the Lower Mainland. It is the most mountainous province of Canada.

The Teslin River is a river in southern Yukon Territory and northwestern British Columbia, Canada, that flows 632 kilometres (393 mi) from its source south of Teslin Lake to its confluence with the Yukon River.

Choquette Hot Springs Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Stikine Country region of northwestern British Columbia, Canada. Despite the park's name, the official and most commonly used name of the springs it was established to protect is Stikine River Hot Springs. The park gets its name by the springs' proximity to Choquette Bar, site of the first gold strike of the Stikine Gold Rush of 1861 and named for Alexander "Buck" Choquette, the strike's discoverer.

Great Glacier Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, created to protect the Great Glacier, one of the major sights along the lower Stikine River. The park lies on the river's west (right) bank inland from the British Columbia-Alaska boundary, which lies a few miles downstream. Immediately across the river from the Great Glacier and its park is Choquette Hot Springs Provincial Park, which protects the Stikine River Hot Springs. Both parks are in the traditional territory of the Tahltan people. and lie about 120 km southwest of the Tahltan community of Telegraph Creek, which lies at the upper, opposite, end of the Grand Canyon of the Stikine from the area of the Great Glacier.

The Taku are an Alaskan Native people, a ḵwáan or geographic subdivision of the Tlingit, known in their own language as the Tʼaaḵu Ḵwáan or "Geese Flood Upriver Tribe". The Taku lived along the northwestern coast of North America, in the area that is now the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska, and on the lower basin of the Taku River of the adjoining British Columbia mainland above that river's mouth.

The Stikine Country, also referred to as the Stikine District or simply "the Stikine", is one of the historical geographic regions of the Canadian province of British Columbia, located inland from the central Alaska Panhandle and comprising the basin of the Stikine River and its tributaries. The term Stikine–Iskut is also fairly common to describe the area, and references the Iskut River, the Stikine's largest tributary and describable as its south fork.

Teslin Lake is a large lake spanning the border between British Columbia and Yukon, Canada. It is one of a group of large lakes in the region of far northwestern BC, east of the upper Alaska Panhandle, which are the southern extremity of the basin of the Yukon River, and which are known in Yukon as "the Southern Lakes". The lake is fed and drained primarily by the Teslin River, south and north, but is also fed from the east by the Jennings River and the Swift River, and from the west by the Hayes River.

Alexander "Buck" Choquette (1830–1898) was a French-Canadian prospector and adventurer who was the discoverer in 1861 of the gold strike which led to the Stikine Gold Rush.

Fort Tongass was a United States Army base on Tongass Island, in the southernmost Alaska Panhandle, located adjacent to the village of the group of Tlingit people on the east side of the island. Fort Tongass was the first US Army base established in Alaska following its purchase from the Russian Empire in 1867 and was garrisoned by the 2nd U.S. Artillery under the command of Captain Charles H. Peirce. Historian Hubert Howe Bancroft notes: "the site was well chosen, containing a plentiful supply of timber and pasture, while fish and game abound in the neighbourhood.

The Stikine Gold Rush was a minor but important gold rush in the Stikine Country of northwestern British Columbia, Canada. The rush's discoverer was Alexander "Buck" Choquette, who staked a claim at Choquette Bar in 1861, just downstream from the confluence of the Stikine and Anuk Rivers, at approximately 56°48′N 131°46′W. Choquette was the son-in-law of the Tlingit chief Chief Shakes, who presided over the region at the mouth of the river, the site of the former Fort Stikine and today's city of Wrangell, Alaska, and had also explored the Nass and several other rivers.