Sungai Sarawak Regulation Scheme

Last updated

Kuching Barrage and Shiplock
component of
Sungai Sarawak Regulation Scheme

Ssrs 01.jpg

View of barrage, shiplock and bridge from the Operations Room
Waterway Sarawak River
Country Malaysia
State Sarawak
Maintained by Kuching Barrage Management Sdn. Bhd.
Operation Hydraulic
First built November 1997

The Sungai Sarawak Regulation Scheme (acronym SSRS) is a major civil engineering project in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. This project incorporates a 3-in-1 infrastructure (barrage, shiplock and bridge) which is the first of its kind in Southeast Asia.

Kuching City and State Capital in Sarawak, Malaysia

Kuching, officially the City of Kuching, is the capital and the most populous city in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia. It is also the capital of Kuching Division. The city is situated on the Sarawak River at the southwest tip of the state of Sarawak on the island of Borneo and covers an area of 431 square kilometres (166 sq mi) with a population about 165,642 in the Kuching North administrative region and 159,490 in the Kuching South administrative region—a total of 325,132 people.

Sarawak State of Malaysia

Sarawak is a state of Malaysia. Being the largest among 13 other states with the size almost equal to West Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, Kalimantan to the south, and Brunei in the north. The capital city, Kuching, is the largest city in Sarawak, the economic centre of the state, and the seat of the Sarawak state government. Other cities and towns in Sarawak include Miri, Sibu, and Bintulu. As of the 2015 census, the population of Sarawak was 2,636,000. Sarawak has an equatorial climate with tropical rainforests and abundant animal and plant species. It has several prominent cave systems at Gunung Mulu National Park. Rajang River is the longest river in Malaysia; Bakun Dam, one of the largest dams in Southeast Asia, is located on one of its tributaries, the Balui River. Mount Murud is the highest point in Sarawak.

Tidal barrage dam-like structure used to capture the energy from masses of water

A tidal barrage is a dam-like structure used to capture the energy from masses of water moving in and out of a bay or river due to tidal forces.

Contents

History

The Sungai Sarawak basin area experience floods as a result of heavy rainfall from upstream, king tides, poor drainage, or a combination of these factors. In low-lying residential areas, floods occur every 1st and 15th day of the lunar calendar. [1]

King tide A colloquial term for an especially high spring tide, such as a perigean spring tide.

"King tide" is a colloquial term for an especially high spring tide, such as a perigean spring tide. "King tide" is not a scientific term, nor is it used in a scientific context. The use of the term "king tide" originated in Australia, New Zealand and other Pacific nations to refer to an especially high tide that occurs only a few times per year. The term has now come to be used in North America as well, particularly in low-lying South Florida, where they cause sunny day tidal flooding.

Lunar calendar type of calendar

A lunar calendar is a calendar based upon the monthly cycles of the Moon's phases, in contrast to solar calendars, whose annual cycles are based only directly upon the solar year. The most commonly used calendar, the Gregorian calendar, is a solar calendar system that originally evolved out of a lunar calendar system. A purely lunar calendar is also distinguished from a lunisolar calendar, whose lunar months are brought into alignment with the solar year through some process of intercalation. The details of when months begin varies from calendar to calendar, with some using new, full, or crescent moons and others employing detailed calculations.

Design

The SSRS consists of:

  1. Bako Causeway
  2. Pending Causeway
  3. Barrage & Shiplock (and a bridge over the barrage)
  4. 24 units of rainfall & water telemetry stations

Construction

The construction of the SSRS is divided into three phases,

Phase I

Phase I of the SSRS project is the construction of the Bako Causeway, the first causeway in Sarawak. [2] The construction involved creating a rock-filled closure across Loba Santubong on Jalan Bako and was completed in August 1993.

Phase II

Phase II of the SSRS project is the construction of the main Barrage Facility (Kuching Barrage and Shiplock), comprising:

  1. a barrage of five radial gates controlling the Sarawak River,
  2. a 125m long by 25m wide shiplock, and
  3. a 435m long four lane road bridge over both barrage and lock, linking the Demak Laut Industrial Park to the Kuching Isthmus.

The groundbreaking ceremony of the Barrage, Shiplock and Bridge was held on 25 July 1995 and graced by Abdul Taib Mahmud, the Chief Minister of Sarawak.

Groundbreaking traditional ceremony in many cultures that celebrates the first day of construction for a building or other project

Groundbreaking, also known as cutting, sod-cutting, turning the first sod or a sod-turning ceremony, is a traditional ceremony in many cultures that celebrates the first day of construction for a building or other project. Such ceremonies are often attended by dignitaries such as politicians and businessmen. The actual shovel used during the groundbreaking is often a special ceremonial shovel, sometimes colored gold, meant to be saved for subsequent display and may be engraved.

Abdul Taib Mahmud Malaysian politician

Tun Pehin Sri Haji Abdul Taib bin Mahmud is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak, in office since 2014. Previously he was Chief Minister of Sarawak from 1981 to 2014. Taib was also the President of Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB), which is part of the Barisan Nasional coalition. He is of ethnic Melanau descent.

Phase III

The components of Phase III of the SSRS project are:

  1. The Construction of the Pending Causeway, a rock fill dam across the Sarawak River at Jalan Keruing in Pending.
  2. The Construction of a four lane road linking Pending with Sejingkat.
  3. The Installation of a Telemetry System comprising 6 units of rainfall and water telemetry stations as an early warning device for the barrage operators.

The rainfall and water telemetry stations were installed at the following locations:

  1. Kampung Sandong
  2. Kampung Bengoh
  3. Kampung Skio
  4. Kampung Blinbim
  5. Kampung Siburuh
  6. Kampung Bogag

Phases II and III were constructed simultaneously and was completed in November 1997 at a cost of RM150 million.

The Kuching Barrage and Shiplock was officiated by Mahathir bin Mohamad, Prime Minister of Malaysia.

Operation of Kuching Barrage and Shiplock

The barrage and shiplock is managed and operated by Kuching Barrage Management Sdn. Bhd., under the supervision of the Sarawak Rivers Board and is governed by The Sarawak Rivers (Sungai Sarawak Barrage) Regulations 1997, which states as follows:

to operate and maintain any barrage or shiplock, and regulate and control the passage of vessels through such barrage or shiplock, and to impose fees or tolls in such vessels passing through the same. [3]

Real-time water and rainfall data is collected by the telemetry system and based on computational model of the Sarawak River. The predicted discharge and water level are the two main factors in deciding when to operate the barrage gates. All data collection and information will be processed by a sophisticated river analysis software known as MIKE-II. [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 Linda Khoo Hui Li (2006-05-19). "Is S'wak River Barrage To Be Blamed For Massive Floods?". Malaysian National News Agency. Retrieved 2010-10-15.
  2. ↑ "Infrastructure Works – Roads, Bridges, Dams, Causeway & Ferry Ramps" . Retrieved 2010-10-15.
  3. ↑ "Sarawak Rivers Board: Barrage & Shiplock" . Retrieved 2010-10-15.

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