Sursum Corda was an Italian student movement organized with irredentist purposes before 1914. It may be considered one of the precursors of fascist organizations in Italy and seems to have its origins in the Italian youth organisations from the first years of the 20th century such as the battaglioni studenteschi founded in 1906 (or so) in Milan. [1] The model were the German Burschenschaften.
Their Fiuman member was Nino Host Venturi, According to Host Venturi, he already in 1913 organised a Battaglione studenti volontari "Sursum Corda" in Brescia with students and expats from Austria-Hungary. They trained during weekends in the surrounding hills with the support from Italian regular army officers. [2] In spring 1919 they had already a battalion-strength formation in Trieste. [3] Nino Host Venturi kept the contacts with Gabriele D'Annunzio and organised his arrival in Fiume. Leo Negrelli from Trieste was another affiliate of the “Sursum Corda.” [4]
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is the capital city, and largest city, of the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, one of two autonomous regions which are not subdivided into provinces.
Sursum Corda is a small neighborhood located in Washington, D.C., bounded by North Capitol Street on the east, K Street NW to the south, New Jersey Avenue NW to the west, and New York Avenue NW to the north.
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Leo Negrelli, born in Trieste, died in Spain in 1974.
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Giuseppe Cobolli Gigli was an Italian politician, member of Benito Mussolini's fascist government from 1935 to 1939 as minister of Public Works.
Giovanni Host-Venturi, also known as "Nino" Host-Venturi was an Italian fascist politician and historian.
In 1918–1920, a series of violent fights took place in the city of Split between Croats and Italians, culminating in a struggle on 11 July 1920 that resulted in the deaths of Captain Tommaso Gulli of the Italian protected cruiser Puglia, Croat civilian Matej Miš, and Italian sailor Aldo Rossi. The incidents were the cause of the destruction in Trieste of the Slovenian Cultural Centre by Italian Fascists.
Sergio Zanni is an Italian painter and sculptor. After obtaining the Diploma at the Institute of Arts 'Dosso Dossi' in Ferrara, Italy, he graduated from the Academy of Arts in Bologna. He taught in the Institute of Arts 'Dosso Dossi' until 1995. For his research in sculpturing he utilized backed clay and, successively, lighter material for sculptures of large dimensions.
Eugene L. Stewart was an American lawyer and founder of the law firm Stewart and Stewart, an international law firm based in Washington D.C. He was known for his work in international trade law. He was the recipient of numerous awards including the John Carroll Award, an award given to Georgetown University Alumni whose achievements exemplify the ideals and traditions of the university. He is credited with being the leading organizer and founder of the Sursum Corda Cooperative in Washington D.C. and was also a former law professor at Georgetown University.
Nino Valeri was an Italian historian.
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Giovanni-Alessandro Goracuchi was a scientist, doctor and diplomat in 19th-century Austrian Istria. He was born to a Catholic Albanian family. His published works are mostly written in Italian but also in French, German and other languages. He frequently sailed as a ship's surgeon in various journeys and expeditions. Goracuchi was also involved in the political affairs of Ottoman Shkodra as a representative of Austria-Hungary. He was knighted by Austria-Hungary and became known as Rittern von Goracuchi or in Italian Cavaliere de Goracuchi.
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Alice Galimberti was an Italian poet, scholar of English literature, and art historian. She was a winner of the British Academy's Rose Mary Crawshay Prize in 1927 for her study of Swinburne.
Antonio De Berti was an Italian politician, deputy, and irredentist.
Filippo Zamboni was an Italian poet and writer.
Vincenzo Costa was an Italian Fascist politician and soldier, the last federal secretary of the Fascist Party of Milan.
Carlo Stuparich was an Italian writer, patriot and war hero. His one substantive work was published only posthumously, on the intitiative of his elder brother, Giovanni “Giani” Stuparich (1891-1961), another notable author. Admirers believe that, had he lived for longer, Carlo would have been remembered as the more accomplished and more original writer of the two. On 30 May 1916 Carlo Stuparich and the platoon he led, having become cut-off near Fort Corbin in the aftermath of a general retreat order some days earlier from higher up the chain of command, found themselves surrounded, outnumbered and overwhelmingly outgunned by the Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal von Hötzendorf. After a failed counter-attack in which his platoon had been wiped out, Carlo Stuparich committed suicide in order to avoid capture by the enemy.
The Corpo Volontari della Libertà was the unified command structure of the Italian Resistance during the Second World War, recognized both by the Allies and the "southern" Italian governments.