Related Research Articles
The rights of lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Utah have significantly evolved in the 21st century. Protective laws have become increasingly enacted since 2014,despite the state's reputation as socially conservative and highly religious. Utah's anti-sodomy law was invalidated in 2003 by Lawrence v. Texas,and fully repealed by the state legislature in 2019. Same-sex marriage has been legal since the state's ban was ruled unconstitutional by federal courts in 2014. In addition,statewide anti-discrimination laws now cover sexual orientation and gender identity in employment and housing,and the use of conversion therapy on minors is prohibited. In spite of this,there are still a few differences between the treatment of LGBTQ people and the rest of the population,and the rights of transgender youth are restricted.
Laura Jeanne Kelly is an American politician serving since 2019 as the 48th governor of Kansas. A member of the Democratic Party,she represented the 18th district in the Kansas Senate from 2005 to 2019. Kelly was elected governor in 2018,defeating Republican nominee Kris Kobach. She was reelected in 2022,narrowly defeating Republican nominee Derek Schmidt by a 2.21% margin.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Louisiana may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Same-sex sexual activity is legal in Louisiana as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Lawrence v. Texas. Same-sex marriage has been recognized in the state since June 2015 as a result of the Supreme Court's decision in Obergefell v. Hodges. New Orleans,the state's largest city,is regarded as a hotspot for the LGBTQ community.
In the United States,the rights of transgender people vary considerably by jurisdiction. In recent decades,there has been an expansion of federal,state,and local laws and rulings to protect transgender Americans;however,many rights remain unprotected,and some rights are being eroded. Since 2020,there has been a national movement by conservative/right-wing politicians and organizations to target transgender rights. There has been a steady increase in the number of anti-transgender bills introduced each year,especially in Republican-led states.
Illinois is seen as one of the most progressive states in the U.S. in regard to lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) rights and often viewed as one of the most liberal states in the Midwestern United States. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1962,after Illinois became the first U.S. state to repeal its sodomy laws. Same-sex marriage was banned by statute in 1996,but has since been legalized after a law allowing such marriages was signed by Governor Pat Quinn on November 20,2013 and went into effect on June 1,2014. Civil unions have been recognized since 2011,and same-sex couples are also allowed to adopt. Additionally,discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is banned in employment,housing,credit and public accommodations,and conversion therapy on minors has been outlawed since 2016.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Maine have the same legal rights as non-LGBTQ people. Same-sex marriage has been recognized in Maine since December 2012,following a referendum in which a majority of voters approved an initiative to legalize same-sex marriage. Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is prohibited in the areas of employment,housing,credit and public accommodations. In addition,the use of conversion therapy on minors has been outlawed since 2019,and joint adoption is permitted for same-sex couples.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Kentucky still face some legal challenges not experienced by other people. Same-sex sexual activity in Kentucky has been legally permitted since 1992,although the state legislature has not repealed its sodomy statute for same-sex couples. Same-sex marriage is legal in Kentucky under the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges. The decision,which struck down Kentucky's statutory and constitutional bans on same-sex marriages and all other same-sex marriage bans elsewhere in the country,was handed down on June 26,2015.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Kansas have federal protections,but many face some legal challenges on the state level that are not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Same-sex sexual activity is legal in Kansas under the US Supreme Court case Lawrence v. Texas,although the state legislature has not repealed its sodomy laws that only apply to same-sex sexual acts. The state has prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity in employment,housing and public accommodations since 2020. Proposed bills restricting preferred gender identity on legal documents,bans on transgender people in women's sports,bathroom use restrictions,among other bills were vetoed numerous times by Democratic Governor Laura Kelly since 2021. However,many of Kelly's vetoes were overridden by the Republican supermajority in the Kansas legislature and became law.
Kristina D. Roegner is an American politician who serves as a member of the Ohio Senate. She has represented the 27th senatorial district since 2019. Her district encompasses the majority of Summit County in Northern Ohio.
Christopher Thomas Sununu is an American politician and engineer who has served since 2017 as the 82nd governor of New Hampshire.
Nathan Manning is a member of the Ohio Senate,representing the 13th district since 2019. Previously he was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives,serving in that body from 2015 to 2018. He is the son of state Representative Gayle Manning and former state Representative Jeffrey Manning.
Ben Baker is a Republican politician who has served as a member of the Missouri House of Representatives from the 160th district since 2019.
Jason C. Stephens is an American Republican politician who became the Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives on January 3,2023. He has been the representative for the 93rd district since October 10,2019,taking the seat after Ryan Smith left the House to become president of the University of Rio Grande.
Gary N. Click is an American politician,the Ohio state representative from its 88th district. He won the seat in 2020,after incumbent Republican Bill Reineke left it to run for the Ohio Senate,defeating Democrat Chris Liebold 62.9% to 37.1%.
Kera Birkeland is an American politician,educator,and coach from Utah. She currently serves as the representative for Utah House District 4. She is on the Executive Offices and Criminal Justice Appropriations Subcommittee,House Education Committee,and House Judiciary Committee. Birkeland replaced Logan Wilde in April 2020,and was elected to a full term in 2020,with 64 percent of the vote.
Arkansas House Bill 1570,also known as the Save Adolescents From Experimentation (SAFE) Act or Act 626,is a 2021 law in the state of Arkansas that bans gender-affirming medical procedures for transgender people under 18,including puberty blockers,hormone therapy,and sex reassignment surgery. The law also bans the use of public funds for and prohibits insurance from covering gender transition procedures,while doctors who provide treatment in violation of the ban can be sued for damages or professionally sanctioned. The measure makes Arkansas the first U.S. state to make gender-affirming medical care illegal.
Indiana HB 1041 is a bill which bars transgender girls from participating in women's sports teams in K-12 schools. The bill passed the state House on January 27,2022,and Senate on March 1,2022. Governor Eric Holcomb vetoed the bill on March 21,2022,and the veto was overridden on May 24,2022. The legislation garnered controversy with prominent organizations like the ACLU and the Human Rights Campaign publicly opposing this bill.
Transphobia in the United States has changed over time. Understanding and acceptance of transgender people have both decreased and increased during the last few decades depending on the details of the issues which have been facing the public. Various governmental bodies in the United States have enacted anti-transgender legislation. Social issues in the United States also reveal a level of transphobia. Because of transphobia,transgender people in the U.S. face increased levels of violence and intimidation. Cisgender people can also be affected by transphobia.
Kansas SB 180 or the Kansas Women's Bill of Rights is a bill that bans any identification of a gender other than the gender recognized at birth in the US state of Kansas. Kansas governor Laura Kelly vetoed the bill in April 2023. On April 26th and 27th,the Kansas Senate and House of Representatives voted to override the veto,making the bill law.
Florida Senate Bill 254 is a law that prohibits gender-affirming care for anyone under the age of 18,places restrictions on adult patients accessing this care,and allows the state to take temporary custody of children who may be receiving gender-affirming care now or in the future. In June 2024,a judge permanently blocked the law from taking effect. In August 2024,the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals stayed the permanent injunction while the matter is appealed.
References
- ↑ "Election Guide: Susan Concannon (R-Kansas House District 97)". Ksn.com. 2018-10-16. Retrieved 2019-12-12.
- ↑ Beets, Jason (2018-11-06). "Concannon re-elected to the Kansas House". Salina.com. Retrieved 2019-12-12.
- ↑ "Kansas bill to limit gender-affirming care for transgender minors dies after failed veto override". NBC News. 2024-04-30. Retrieved 2024-05-07.
- ↑ "Kansas House fails to override veto on bill that would ban gender-affirming care for kids". Kansas Reflector. 2024-04-29. Retrieved 2024-05-07.
- ↑ Rummler, Orion (11 May 2024). "A Kansas Republican voted for a gender-affirming care ban. But then she flipped. • Kansas Reflector". Kansas Reflector.
