Sussan Siavoshi | |
---|---|
Citizenship | Iranian-American |
Education | Ohio State University (PhD), Pahlavi University (BA) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | international affairs, political science |
Institutions | Trinity University |
Thesis | The failure of the liberal nationalist movement in Iran, 1949-1979 : an analysis of structural constraints and political choices (1985) |
Academic advisors |
Sussan Siavoshi is an Iranian-American political scientist and the Una Chapman Cox Distinguished Professor of International Affairs, Political Science at Trinity University. [1] She is a former editor-in-chief of the journal Iranian Studies . [2] She is known for her works on contemporary history of Iran. [3] [4] [5]
Islamism is a range of religious and political ideological movements that believe that Islam should influence political systems. Its proponents believe Islam is innately political, and that Islam as a political system is superior to communism, liberal democracy, capitalism, and other alternatives in achieving a just, successful society. Islamism is generally considered anti-Zionist, anti-capitalist, anti-colonialist and anti-communist; Islamists support family values, sharia, the reformation of interest-based finance, and the broad Quranic command of 'enjoining goodness and forbidding evil.'
Ayatollah is an honorific title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. it came into widespread usage in the 20th century.
Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri was an Iranian Shia Islamic theologian, Islamic democracy advocate, writer, and human rights activist. He was one of the leaders of the Iranian Revolution and one of the highest-ranking authorities in Shīʿite Islam. He was once the designated successor to the revolution's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khomeini; they had a falling-out in 1989 over government policies that Montazeri claimed infringed on people's freedom and denied them their rights, especially after the 1988 mass execution of political prisoners. Montazeri spent his later years in Qom and remained politically influential in Iran but was placed in house arrest in 1997 for questioning "the unaccountable rule exercised by the supreme leader", Ali Khamenei, who succeeded Ruhollah Khomeini. He was known as the most knowledgeable senior Islamic scholar in Iran, a grand marja of Shia Islam, and was said to be one of Khamenei's teachers.
Mohsen Kadivar is a mujtahid, Islamic theologian, philosopher, writer, leading intellectual reformist, and research professor of Islamic Studies at Duke University. A political Iranian dissident, Kadivar has been a vocal critic of the doctrine of clerical rule, also known as Velayat-e Faqih, and a strong advocate of democratic and liberal reforms in Iran as well as constructional reform in understanding of shari'a and Shi'a theology. Kadivar has served time in prison in Iran for his political activism and beliefs.
Hassan Ebrahim Habibi was an Iranian politician, lawyer, scholar and the first vice president from 1989 until 2001 under Presidents Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani and Mohammad Khatami. He was also a member of the High Council of Cultural Revolution and head of Academy of Persian Language and Literature from 2004 until his death in 2013.
Liberalism in Iran or Iranian liberalism is a political ideology that traces its beginnings to the 20th century.
The Islamic Republican Party was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran. It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts.
Iranian Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering Iranian and Persianate history, literature, and society published quarterly by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Association for Iranian Studies. It was established in 1967 and up to 2021 was published 6 times a year by Routledge. The editor-in-chief is Nasrin Rahimieh.
In mid-1988, Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran ordered the execution of thousands of political prisoners. These executions happened throughout Iran and lasted about five months, beginning in July. They took place in at least 32 cities across the country, and were carried out without any legal authority. Trials were not concerned with establishing guilt or innocence. Many prisoners were also tortured. Great care was taken to conceal the executions.
Karim Bakhtiar Sanjabi was an Iranian politician, a member of The National Consultative Assembly. He was also a professor at Tehran University Law School and one of the leaders of Iran National Front and Iran Party. Sanjabi was also considered the Minister of Culture in the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran in the government of Mahdi Bazargan.
Sayyid Ahmad Khomeini was the younger son of Ruhollah Khomeini and father of Hassan Khomeini. He was the "right-hand" of his father before, during and after the Iranian Revolution. He was a link between Ruhollah Khomeini and officials and people. He had several decision-making positions.
Mehdi Hashemi was an Iranian Shia cleric who after the 1979 Iranian Revolution became a senior official in the Islamic Revolutionary Guards. He was defrocked by the Special Clerical Court and executed by the Islamic Republic in 1987. Officially he was guilty of sedition, murder, and related charges, but others suspect his true crime was opposition to the regime's secret dealings with the United States within the Iran–Contra affair.
The Assembly for the Final Review of the Constitution, also known as the Assembly of Experts for Constitution, was a constituent assembly in Iran that was convened in 1979 to condense and ratify the draft prepared beforehand for the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Mahboubeh Abbasgholizadeh is an Iranian women's rights activist, researcher, journalist and film-maker. She is a director of Zanan Broadcasting Network (www.zanantv.org), and an active member of the Stop Stoning Forever campaign and the Iranian Women's Charter movement. She has headed the Association of Women Writers and Journalists and was editor-in-chief of the women's studies journal Farzeneh. Since 2004, when her Non-Governmental Organisation Training Centre (NGOTC) was shut down, she has been arrested several times. In 2010, after she had left Iran for Europe, Iran's Revolutionary Court sentenced her to two and a half years in jail and 30 lashes for "acts against national security".
Mohammad Montazeri was an Iranian cleric and military figure. He was one of the founding members and early chiefs of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. He was assassinated in a bombing in Tehran on 28 June 1981.
Salam was a Persian-language daily newspaper published in Tehran, Iran. It was named by Ahmad Khomeini, the son of Ayatollah Khomeini. It was highly influential in the country during its brief existence from 1991 to 1999 and was one of the early reformist dailies published following the Islamic revolution in Iran.
League of Socialists of the National Movement of Iran or League of Iranian Socialists was a socialist nationalist party in Iran.
The Iran Party is a socialist and nationalist party in Iran. Founded in 1941, it is described as the "backbone of the National Front", the leading umbrella organization of Iranian nationalists established in 1949. The party's total membership has never exceeded the several hundred figure.
Socialism in Iran or Iranian socialism is a political ideology that traces its beginnings to the 20th century and encompasses various political parties in the country. Iran experienced a short Third World Socialism period at the zenith of the Tudeh Party after the abdication of Reza Shah and his replacement by his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. After failing to reach power, this form of third world socialism was replaced by Mosaddegh's populist, non-aligned Iranian nationalism of the National Front party as the main anti-monarchy force in Iran, reaching power (1949–1953), and it remained with that strength even in opposition until the rise of Islamism and the Iranian Revolution. The Tudehs have since moved towards basic socialist communism.
Abbas Sami'i was an Iranian politician who held office as the third head of the Environmental Protection Organization.