 | This article's factual accuracy is disputed .(August 2016) |
Swedes Run (or Swede Run) is a river in Burlington County, New Jersey. Swedes Run drains an area of 3.63 square miles. [1] Swedes Run drains into the Delaware River, and is approximately 11.95 miles long. [2]
Swedes Run is considered an impaired body of water, due to higher-than-acceptable levels of arsenic, pathogens, oxygen depletion, and polychlorinated biphenyls. The probable source of the arsenic is from the agriculture near the river, and the probable source of the other impaired conditions would be from urban runoff. [3]
Upstream, the river's water quality improves, and at a certain upstream site, the river was given a score of 146, or suboptimal, on its habitat analysis. This has improved from recent years where it had been given a score of 62 on its habitat analysis, which would translate to very little or marginal habitat. [4] [5]
Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of factories, mills, and mining operations. Types of industrial waste include dirt and gravel, masonry and concrete, scrap metal, oil, solvents, chemicals, scrap lumber, even vegetable matter from restaurants. Industrial waste may be solid, semi-solid or liquid in form. It may be hazardous waste or non-hazardous waste. Industrial waste may pollute the nearby soil or adjacent water bodies, and can contaminate groundwater, lakes, streams, rivers or coastal waters. Industrial waste is often mixed into municipal waste, making accurate assessments difficult. An estimate for the US goes as high as 7.6 billion tons of industrial waste produced annually, as of 2017. Most countries have enacted legislation to deal with the problem of industrial waste, but strictness and compliance regimes vary. Enforcement is always an issue.
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water based on the standards of its usage. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance, generally achieved through treatment of the water, can be assessed. The most common standards used to monitor and assess water quality convey the health of ecosystems, safety of human contact, extend of water pollution and condition of drinking water. Water quality has a significant impact on water supply and oftentimes determines supply options.
The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution. Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters; recognizing the responsibilities of the states in addressing pollution and providing assistance to states to do so, including funding for publicly owned treatment works for the improvement of wastewater treatment; and maintaining the integrity of wetlands.
The Ventura River, in western Ventura County in southern California, United States, flows 16.2 miles (26.1 km) from its headwaters to the Pacific Ocean. The smallest of the three major rivers in Ventura County, it flows through the steeply sloped, narrow Ventura Valley, with its final 0.7 miles (1.1 km) through the broader Ventura River estuary, which extends from where it crosses under a 101 Freeway bridge through to the Pacific Ocean.
The DSSAM Model is a computer simulation developed for the Truckee River to analyze water quality impacts from land use and wastewater management decisions in the Truckee River Basin. This area includes the cities of Reno and Sparks, Nevada as well as the Lake Tahoe Basin. The model is historically and alternatively called the Earth Metrics Truckee River Model. Since original development in 1984-1986 under contract to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the model has been refined and successive versions have been dubbed DSSAM II and DSSAM III. This hydrology transport model is based upon a pollutant loading metric called Total maximum daily load (TMDL). The success of this flagship model contributed to the Agency's broadened commitment to the use of the underlying TMDL protocol in its national policy for management of most river systems in the United States.
A total maximum daily load (TMDL) is a regulatory term in the U.S. Clean Water Act, describing a plan for restoring impaired waters that identifies the maximum amount of a pollutant that a body of water can receive while still meeting water quality standards.
Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algal growth. Sources of nutrient pollution include surface runoff from farm fields and pastures, discharges from septic tanks and feedlots, and emissions from combustion. Raw sewage is a large contributor to cultural eutrophication since sewage is high in nutrients. Releasing raw sewage into a large water body is referred to as sewage dumping, and still occurs all over the world. Excess reactive nitrogen compounds in the environment are associated with many large-scale environmental concerns. These include eutrophication of surface waters, harmful algal blooms, hypoxia, acid rain, nitrogen saturation in forests, and climate change.
Stroubles Creek is an approximately 12-mile-long (19 km) stream that runs through the town of Blacksburg, the Virginia Tech campus, and Montgomery County, Virginia until it empties into the New River. Most of the sections of Stroubles Creek that flow through Blacksburg and the Virginia Tech campus are piped underground, while the portion that flows through Montgomery County is above-ground. Stroubles Creek has been designated an impaired waterway since 2002.
Blackberry Run is a tributary of East Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.91 square miles (4.9 km2). The stream is acidic and is considered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection to be impaired by atmospheric deposition. Rock formations in the watershed include the Catskill Formation and the Huntley Mountain Formation. Soils in the watershed include the Deep-Wellsboro-Oquaga, Wellsboro, and Norwich soil associations.
Quinn Run is a tributary of Heberly Run in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania. It is approximately 2.3 miles (3.7 km) long and flows through Davidson Township, Sullivan County, Pennsylvania. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.31 square miles (6.0 km2). The stream is acidic and is considered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection to be impaired by atmospheric deposition. Rock formations in the watershed include the Huntley Mountain Formation and the Burgoon Sandstone. Soils in the watershed include the Deep-Wellsboro-Oquaga soil association, and the Oquaga and Norwich soil associations. There are some waterfalls on the stream.
Cross Run is a tributary of Catawissa Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) long and flows through Hazle Township. The stream is in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Conyngham. The stream has two reservoirs on it and has been used as a water supply for Hazleton since at least the late 1800s or early 1900s. Both of the stream's reservoirs have dams. The stream has one unnamed tributary. Cross Run and its unnamed tributary are considered by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection to be impaired for part of their lengths.
Hull Creek is a tributary of the Lackawanna River in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.1 miles (6.6 km) long and flows through Scott Township, Blakely, and Dickson City. The watershed of the creek has an area of 3.22 square miles (8.3 km2). The creek is considered to be impaired by habitat alteration. It is a perennial stream, but experiences some flow loss. A waterfall system known as the Blakely Falls are on the creek, in a post-glacial valley. It also flows through a deep water gap. Channelization work was done on the creek in 1975 by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, which has had the effect of reducing flooding.
White Hall Creek is a tributary of East Branch Chillisquaque Creek in Columbia County and Montour County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.8 miles (6.1 km) long and flows through Madison Township in Columbia County and Anthony Township and Derry Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 2.31 square miles (6.0 km2). All streams in its watershed are impaired by siltation due to agriculture. The creek is a Warmwater Fishery.
Bennys Run is a tributary of Shamokin Creek in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.8 miles (6.1 km) long and flows through Shamokin Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 6.12 square miles (15.9 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and it has a relatively high level of water quality. It is a small, shallow stream and its watershed is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. A few bridges have been constructed across the stream.
Newton Run is a tributary of Roaring Run in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.7 miles (4.3 km) long and flows through Eaton Township and Monroe Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.55 square miles (6.6 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody. The surface geology in its vicinity consists of alluvium, alluvial fan, Wisconsinan Till, and bedrock.
Stone Run is a tributary of Bowman Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long and flows through Noxen Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.43 square miles (6.3 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody. The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of alluvium, Wisconsinan Ice-Contact Stratified Drift, Wisconsinan Till, and Wisconsinan Bouldery Till. The stream is classified as Class A Wild Trout Waters and its watershed is designated as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.
Pompeston Creek is a creek in Burlington County, New Jersey. Pompeston Creek drains an area of 9 square miles, and runs through Riverton, Moorestown, Delran, and Cinnaminson. The river's headwaters are located in Moorestown, and Pompeston Creek flows directly into the Delaware River. Wetlands are common along the banks of the river.
Hoffer Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Snyder County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.1 miles (5.0 km) long and flows through Chapman Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 2.34 square miles (6.1 km2). At least part of the creek is designated as an impaired waterbody due to sedimentation/siltation from grazing-related agriculture. The creek is in the ridge and valley physiographic province, and the geology consists mostly of intermedded sedimentary rock and sandstone.
Leiningers Run is a tributary of West Branch Mahantango Creek in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.9 miles (7.9 km) long and flows through Greenwood Township and Susquehanna Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 6.96 square miles (18.0 km2). A reach of the stream is designated as an impaired waterbody due to miscellaneous habitat alteration from habitat modifications not including hydromodification. The stream's drainage basin is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.
Polk Valley Run is a tributary of Saucon Creek in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. It is approximately 1.9 miles (3.1 km) long and flows through Lower Saucon Township and Hellertown. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.13 square miles (5.5 km2). A reach of the stream is designated as an impaired waterbody due to siltation from agriculture. However, wild trout and other wildlife are present in and around it. Most of the watershed is forested.