Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah

Last updated

Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah Tirmizi
Amir-i-Shariyat
Syed Jabbar Shah.jpg
Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah Tirmizi the Prime Minister of Amb (princely state) and former Wali of Swat (seated third from left), Governor of Mecca (seated fourth from left) and Governor of Madinah (seated second from left), photograph taken in Darband, 1923.
Reign28th April 1914-1918
PredecessorSyed Akbar Shah Tirmizi
Successor Wadud of Swat
BornSyed Abdul Jabbar Shah Tirmizi
1878
Swat
Died1956
Hoti House, Mardan
Burial
Bacha Killay Buner District
House Sayyid - Tirmidhi
FatherSayyid Mahmud Shah Tirmizi
ReligionSunni Islam

Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah was the Wali of Swat between 1914 and 1918. [1] He was a descendant of Syed Ali Shah Tirmizi. [2]

Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah's early life was marked by tragedy and upheaval. In 1878, when he was just six months old, his father, Syed Mehmood Shah, was killed by the Hassan Zai tribes. Shortly after, his cousin Feroz Shah attacked Sethana, killing all male family members. A female servant rescued the infant Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah, taking him to the nearby village of Kia, where he was protected by the Ghulam Khel tribe.

At a very young age, he left for India and lived with his stepbrother in Lucknow. In Azamgarh, he studied with notable Persian scholars, including Maulvi Qamaruddin, Maulvi Nazir ud Din, and Maulvi Kabir Ullah, who were Arabic and Persian teachers in Banaras. In 1890, he returned for further studies and participated in the Siege of Malakand in 1897.

In 1899, he was appointed Minister by the Nawab of Amb (princely state), Muhammad Akram Khan, at a remarkably young age. Following the Nawab's death, his son Muhammad Khan Zaman Khan ascended to power.

In 1907, he married the daughter of the Nawab of Amb. In 1908, he recaptured Sethana with the Nawab's help and constructed a fort and house. That same year, he married the daughter of the ruler of Bukhara, who had come to Abbottabad after the revolution via Afghanistan, with assistance from Amir Abdur Rahman Khan of Kabul.

Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah ruled Swat from April 28, 1914, to 1918, establishing his capital in the Niphikhel area of Bandi Bala. Upon assuming power, he organized an army, implemented income tax in accordance with Islamic principles, and ensured the army received regular monthly pay. Shariat law was strictly followed. In 1916, Mian Gul Abdul Wadood of Swat mutinied but was subsequently arrested and pardoned. Mian Gul then fought under Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah's command against the Nawab of Dir [3] and pledged never to rise against him, a promise documented in the archives.

Despite this pledge, Mian Gul conspired with the British to overthrow Syed Abdul Jabbar Shah, leading to his exile by the British to Hyderabad Deccan in 1939. In Hyderabad, he was appointed Defense Minister by the Nizam of Hyderabad and remained there until 1945. During his time in Hyderabad, he secured Rs. 150,000 from the Nizam to support Islamia College at the request of Sahibzada Sahib. Mian Gul's status as ruler was officially recognized by the British in 1926, although they had supported and installed him much earlier.

Related Research Articles

Nawab, also spelled Nawaab, Navaab, Navab, Nowab, Nabob, Nawaabshah, Nawabshah or Nobab, is a royal title indicating a sovereign ruler, often of a South Asian state, in many ways comparable to the western title of Prince. The relationship of a Nawab to the Emperor of India has been compared to that of the Kings of Saxony to the German Emperor. In earlier times the title was ratified and bestowed by the reigning Mughal emperor to semi-autonomous Muslim rulers of subdivisions or princely states in the Indian subcontinent loyal to the Mughal Empire, for example the Nawabs of Bengal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Islamia College University</span> Public university in Peshawar, Pakistan

Islamia College Peshawar (ICP) is a public university located in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–1932 were a series of peace conference's, organized by the British Government and Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Muhammad Ali Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, and by the report submitted by the Simon Commission in May 1930. Demands for Swaraj or self-rule in India had been growing increasingly strong. B. R. Ambedkar, Jinnah, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan, K. T. Paul and Mirabehn were key participants from India. By the 1930s, many British politicians believed that India needed to move towards dominion status. However, there were significant disagreements between the Indian and the British political parties that the Conferences would not resolve. The key topic was about constitution and India which was mainly discussed in that conference. There were three Round Table Conferences from 1930 to 1932.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amb (princely state)</span> Former princely state of the British Indian Empire and Pakistan

Amb or the State of Amb was a princely state in the present day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of Pakistan. Together with Phulra, it was known as Feudal Tanawal ruled by Tanoli tribe. A Royal Tenure start from Timurid Empire and end on Last Nawab Muhammad Farid Khan Tanoli. Amb was only powerful state incorporated in Pakistan with armed civilized military of 12,000 men, 300 Howitzer with their own manufacturing arms factory, today part of the Pakistan Army. Amb had a influence control roots in Swat, Dir and Chitral. A gaining of powerful roots of Amb military start from Second Anglo-Sikh War when East India Company provide military equipment to Jehandad Khan Tanoli to fight against Sikh, and then next British Empire in Second anglo-Afghan War. At the end of December 1947, the Nawab of Amb state acceded to Pakistan while retaining internal self-government. Amb continued as a princely state of Pakistan until 1969, when it was incorporated into the North West Frontier Province.

Jogezai is a Pashtun tribe of Pakistan. It is a subtribe of Sanzarkhail, Kakar. The majority of the Jogezai tribesmen live in Killa Saifullah and Loralai. The current Nawab of Pashtuns is from Jogezai tribe namely, Nawab Muhammad Ayaz Khan Jogezai, who is the bloodline of Baiker Nika.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dir (princely state)</span> Princely state of British India and later Pakistan

Dir was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj, located within the North-West Frontier Province. Following the Partition of British India, Dir remained independent and unaligned until February 1948, when the Dominion of Pakistan accepted its accession.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rasheed Turabi</span> Pakistani religious scholar and philosopher (1908–1973)

Raza Hussain also known as Allama Rasheed Turabi was an Islamic scholar, religious leader, public speaker, poet and philosopher.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Asaf Jahi dynasty</span> Muslim dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Hyderabad from 1734 to 1948

The Asaf Jahi was a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Hyderabad State. The family came to India in the late 17th century and became employees of the Mughal Empire. They were great patrons of Indo-Persian culture, language, and literature, and the family found ready patronage.

The Utmankhel is a Pashtun tribe present in Pakistan, with substantial numbers in Afghanistan. They lie between the Mohmands and the Ranizais of Swat, to the west and south-west of the junction of the Swat and Panjkora rivers. The Utmankhel mostly living in Malakand, Bajaur, Mohmand, Lower Dir, Mardan and Orakzai. The Utmankhel are Pashtuns, part of the Karlani tribal confederacy, who fought against British and Mughals emperors in Pakhtunkhwa. The British regarded the Utmankhel tribesmen as “warlike” peoples and one of the Martial Race. The Utmankhel are a tall, stout and fair race, but their dress and general customs have been assimilated by the neighboring peoples of Bajaur. Utmankhel speak the same dialect of Pashtu called Yousafzai Pashto.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari</span> Nawab of Chhatari

Lieutenant Colonel Saeed ul-Mulk Nawab Sir Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan, Nawab of Chhatari also generally referred to as Nawab of Chhatari was Governor of the United Provinces, Chief Minister of United Provinces, President of the Executive Council of the Nizam of Hyderabad and Chief Scout of India.

Shaykh Ul Islam Imam Muhammad Anwaarullah Khan Farooqui is the founder of the Islamic university Jamia Nizamia, Hyderabad. His actual name is Muhammad Anwaarullah Farooqui and was bestowed the title of "Fadheelat Jung" by the Nizam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princely states of Pakistan</span> Territories incorporated into Pakistan from 1947 to 1974

The princely states of Pakistan were princely states of the British Indian Empire which acceded to the new Dominion of Pakistan between 1947 and 1948, following the partition of British India and its independence.

Miangul Abdul WadudKBE was the Wāli of Swat from 1926 until his abdication in 1949. A grandson of the Akhund of Swat, he was elected as ruler of Swat by a loya jirga in November 1918 and was formally recognized as Wāli of Swat on 3 May 1926 by the British authorities. He ruled from 1918 to 1949, when he abdicated in favour of his eldest son, Miangul Jahan Zeb.

Wali Ahmad, known as Sandakai (Mulla), was a religious cleric, and reformer who was influential during the formation of Swat State.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khan Bahadur</span> Award

Khan Bahadur – a compound of Khan "Leader" and Bahadur "Brave" – was a honorary title in British India conferred on Indian subjects who were adherents of Islam or Zoroastrianism. The equivalent title for Hindus, Buddhists and Indian Christians was Rao Bahadur/Rai Bahadur and Sardar Bahadur for Sikhs. The title of Khan Bahadur was one degree higher than the title of Khan Sahib.

References

  1. "A Brief History of Swat". Waadi Swat. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  2. Jinnah, Mahomed Ali (1993). Jinnah Papers. Quaid-i-Azam Papers Project, National Archives of Pakistan. ISBN   978-969-8156-06-0.
  3. Ziafat Ali, Syed. "Welcome To Dir State".