Archbishop of Jerusalem Patriarchal Vicar of the Holy Land and Jordan | |
|---|---|
| Bishopric | |
| Syriac orthodox Church | |
 Leaders of the Jerusalem church in 1922 | |
| Incumbent: Anthimos Jack Yakoub | |
| Style | Archbishop His Eminence |
| Information | |
| Cathedral | Monastery of Saint Mark, Jerusalem |
In the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Archbishop of Jerusalem (originally Bishop of Jerusalem) today bears the additional title of Patriarchal Vicar of the Holy Land and Jordan. [1] The see is currently held by Anthimos Jack Yakoub.
The first Syriac Orthodox church in Jerusalem was probably built between the Sasanian conquest (614) and the Islamic conquest (637). The Patriarch Michael the Syrian (died 1199) implies that the church torn down by Harun al-Rashid in 806/807 predated the Islamic conquest. It was soon rebuilt by an Egyptian named Macarius of Naburwah. Since almost all of the known bishops were monks, there must also have been at least a rudimentary monastic community. [2]
The church appears to have been destroyed at the time of the destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. In 1092, Mansur of Tilbana, another Egyptian, built what was then the only Syriac Orthodox church in the city. In the first quarter of the 12th century, Bishop Ignatius II rebuilt the destroyed church and monastery. It was dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene and later also to Simon the Pharisee. Shortly after 1125, Ignatius III constructed a hostel with a courtyard across from the church. [2] According to John of Würzburg, writing later in the century, this church was believed to have formerly been the house of Simon the Leper. [3] It is located near the Church of Saint Anne on the northeastern side of the city. [4]
After the Ayyyubid conquest in 1187, the church and monastery were transformed into a Muslim school. The bishops were only able again to occupy it again briefly when the city was in Christian hands between the Sixth Crusade (1229) and the Khwarazmian conquest (1244). Thereafter the Syriac Orthodox used the small church of Saint Thomas of the Germans until it was handed over to the Muslim authorities by the incumbent monk, who converted to Islam in 1451/1452. [2]
The Syriac Orthodox patriarch acquired the Monastery of Saint Mark from the Coptic Orthodox in 1472 and this has served ever since as the church of the bishops of Jerusalem. [5] There was a deputy metropolitan bishop of Jerusalem from the early 18th century to the office's abolition in 1858, who resided at the Monastery of Saint Mark, whilst the metropolitan bishop resided at the monastery of Saint Ananias in Tur Abdin. [6]
The following ecclesiastical properties belong to the archdiocese:
The archdiocese also possesses minor rights of worship at the following churches:
The Syriac Orthodox Register of Episcopal Ordinations only goes back to 793. Michael the Syrian appended to his Chronicle a list of bishops of Jerusalem from James, brother of Jesus, down to his own time. It is identical to the Register for the bishops after 793. The bishops were of metropolitan rank. [9]
In the following list, a date range like 792×818 means "ordained between 792 and 818". Bishops before 793 cannot be dated at all. The list begins with the first bishop elected in opposition to the Council of Chalcedon (451), but the numbering takes into account the earlier bishops of Jerusalem. [10]
Athanasius II Baldoyo, also known as Athanasius of Balad, and Athanasius of Nisibis, was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 684 until his death in 687.
Ignatius Isaac II was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1709 until his resignation in 1723.
Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1445 until his death in 1454.
Ignatius Jacob I, also known as Jacob al-Khuri or Jacob of al-Nabk, was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1510/1512 until his death in 1517/1519.
Ignatius Noah of Lebanon, also known as Nūḥ Pūnīqoyo or Nūḥ al-Bqūfānī, was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1493/1494 until his death in 1509.
Ignatius Hidayat Allah was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1597/1598 until his death in 1639/1640.
The Church of Saint Thomas is a Syriac Orthodox church in Mosul, Iraq.
Marutha of Tikrit was the Grand Metropolitan of the East and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church of the East from 628 or 629 until his death in 649. He is commemorated as a saint by the Syriac Orthodox Church.
Athanasius I Gammolo was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 594/595 or 603 until his death in 631. He is commemorated as a saint by the Syriac Orthodox Church in the Martyrology of Rabban Sliba, and his feast day is 3 January.
Iwannis I was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 739/740 until his death in 754/755.
Athanasius IV Salhoyo was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 986/987 until his death in 1002/1003.
Dionysius II was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 896/897 until his death in 908/909.
Ignatius bar Wahib was the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin from 1293 until his death in 1333.
Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib was the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin from 1381 or 1382 until his death in 1412.
The Monastery of Saint Mark the Evangelist is a Syriac Orthodox monastery in the Old City of Jerusalem and residence of the Syriac Orthodox Archbishop of Jerusalem. It is believed to be located on the site of house of Mary, mother of Mark the Evangelist, and claims to be the first church in Christianity. The monastery consists of the main church of Saint Mark and an adjacent chapel of Saint Behnam.
Ignatius George II was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1687 until his death in 1708.
Ignatius Ismail was the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin from 1333 until his death in 1365 or 1366.
Ignatius Shukrallah II was the Patriarch of Antioch and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1722 until his death in 1745.
The Mor Bar Sauma Monastery was a Syriac Orthodox monastery near Malatya in Turkey. The monastery served as the regular patriarchal residence from the eleventh century until the thirteenth century, and was eventually abandoned in the seventeenth century. It produced five patriarchs and forty-three metropolitan bishops. Between 1074 and 1283 several synods took place at the monastery.
Notes
Citations