Personal Life
After graduating from primary school, he joined the army. On 25 November 1937, he was assigned to the non-commissioned officer school as an officer of the 2nd Armored Battalion in Żurawica. After graduating from non-commissioned officer school in September 1938, he was assigned to a Vickers tank company as a motorcycle messenger. In the same year, he took part in the occupation of Cieszyn Silesia, Orava and Spiš.
During the Polish Defensive War in September 1939, he took part in the battles of the 121st light tank company as part of the 10th Cavalry Brigade and was captured by the Germans, from which he managed to escape. From 1940, he was involved in conspiratorial activities within the Union of Armed Struggle, and then the Home Army. He was a member of the sabotage group of Stanisław Mikulski alias „Żmija” (Viper). Within the intelligence and sabotage organization subordinated to the AK, the codename "Ruch" obtained intelligence information. He took part in sabotage and sabotage actions, as well as in the liquidation of the German collaborator Edward Koch in Niebylec. He was a soldier in the dispatch platoon of the Rzeszów Inspectorate of the Home Army, and in 1944 he became the commander of a sabotage team from Żarnów, commanded by 2nd Lieutenant. Mikulski's sabotage platoon of the Strzyżów Home Army Outpost [3] . After the Red Army entered, he left for the Recovered Territories. He returned to his hometown in 1946 and in the following years worked in Żarnowa as a farmer and butcher.
After the systemic transformation in Poland, he became involved in veteran activities as a member of the World Association of Home Army Soldiers and the Polish Society of War Veterans. In 2001, he was promoted to retired second lieutenant of the Polish Army. In 2019, he received the Honorary Award of the Institute of National Remembrance - "Witness of History".
In August 2022, he celebrated his 105th birthday, and at that moment he was also the oldest former tanker of the Polish Army [4] . He was then awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of Strzyżów County. On March 3, 2023, he was promoted to retired captain of the Polish Army [5] . In February 2024, he received the honorary badge "Merit for the Podkarpackie Voivodeship" [6] .
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