Not to be confused with
Tagino.
Tageno (died 1190) was a Bavarian clergyman and crusader. He was a minor cleric of the cathedral of Passau from at least July 1183. He became dean of the cathedral in 1187 and joined the army of Frederick Barbarossa on the Third Crusade in 1189. He wrote an account in Latin of his experience, known as the Descriptio expeditionis Asiaticae Friderici ("Description of the Asian Expedition of Frederick"), covering the period from 1189 down to 21 June 1190. According to the Historia de expeditione Friderici imperatoris , which plagiarized his Descriptio, Tageno died at Tripoli in the autumn of 1190.
No independent copy of Tageno's account survives. It is known only from its incorporation into other works. The Historia de expeditione incorporates Tageno's account of the period from 16 May to 9 June 1190 almost verbatim, including the use of the first person. The entirety of the Descriptio was incorporated into the chronicle of Magnus of Reichersberg, who died in 1195. Magnus occasionally alters Tageno's first person to the third person, and he may have made other alterations to the text. Furthermore, he probably had access to an early draft of the Historia de expeditione, meaning that their texts are not independent witnesses to the original Descriptio. Magnus calls the Descriptio simply a "record" (memoria). Graham Loud considers it almost a diary.
A slightly different version of Tageno's Descriptio from that in Magnus appeared in a book published by the Bavarian humanist Johannes Aventinus in 1522. It is unknown if Aventinus had access to the original text or was relying on a version of Magnus's chronicle. The differences between the two versions of the Descriptio are largely stylistic and may reflect Aventinus emendation of the text in accordance with humanistic notions of Latinity.
Frederick Barbarossa, also known as Frederick I, was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. He was elected King of Germany in Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March 1152. He was crowned King of Italy on 24 April 1155 in Pavia and emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155 in Rome. Two years later, the term sacrum ("holy") first appeared in a document in connection with his empire. He was later formally crowned King of Burgundy, at Arles on 30 June 1178. He was named Barbarossa by the northern Italian cities which he attempted to rule: Barbarossa means "red beard" in Italian; in German, he was known as Kaiser Rotbart, which in English means "Emperor Redbeard." The prevalence of the Italian nickname, even in later German usage, reflects the centrality of the Italian campaigns to his career.
Henry the Lion was a member of the Welf dynasty who ruled as the duke of Saxony as Henry III and Bavaria as Henry XII from 1142 and 1156, respectively, until 1180.
The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by three European monarchs of Western Christianity to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan Saladin in 1187. For this reason, the Third Crusade is also known as the Kings' Crusade.
Berthold IV, a member of the House of Andechs, was Margrave of Istria and Carniola. By about 1180/82 he assumed the title of Duke of Merania, referring to the Adriatic seacoast of Kvarner which his ancestors had conquered in the 1060s and annexed to Istria and Carniola.
The Crusade of 1197, also known as the Crusade of Henry VI or the German Crusade, was a crusade launched by the Hohenstaufen emperor Henry VI in response to the aborted attempt of his father, Emperor Frederick I, during the Third Crusade in 1189–90. Thus the military campaign is also known as the "Emperor's Crusade".
The Curia Christi or Curia Dei was a diet or court day (Hoftag) of the Holy Roman Empire held in Mainz on 27 March 1188. It was so called because it was notionally under the presidency of Jesus Christ as king of kings. It was the occasion both for the public resolution of the conflict between Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Archbishop Philip of Cologne and for the emperor's "taking of the cross", when he vowed to lead an army on the Third Crusade.
The Battle of Iconium took place on May 18, 1190, during the Third Crusade, in the expedition of Frederick Barbarossa to the Holy Land. As a result, Iconium, the capital city of the Sultanate of Rûm under Kilij Arslan II, fell to the Imperial forces.
The Duchy of Merania was a fiefdom of the Holy Roman Empire from 1152 until 1248. The dukes of Merania were recognised as princes of the Empire enjoying imperial immediacy at a time when these concepts were just coming into use to distinguish the highest ranks of imperial nobility.
The Battle of Philomelion was a victory of the forces of the Holy Roman Empire over the Turkish forces of the Sultanate of Rûm on 7 May 1190 during the Third Crusade.
The History of the Pilgrims is an anonymous Latin account of the expedition of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa during the Third Crusade (1189–90). It was written not long after events, possibly even before the death of the Emperor Henry VI (1197). It is divided into three sections on the conquests of Saladin, the preparations for the crusade and the crusade itself. The first section contains the most original material and the final section is the longest. It ends abruptly with the death of Barbarossa. The sole surviving manuscript, made in the early 13th century at Salem Abbey, is not quite complete and seems to be missing the last sentences.
Magnus of Reichersberg was an Augustinian canon and historian who worked at Reichersberg Abbey from the 1160s.
The History of the Expedition of the Emperor Frederick is an anonymous Latin account of the campaign waged by Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, as part of the Third Crusade. It covers the period 1187–1196, but is centred on the expedition of 1189–1190.
Aymon de Briançon was a Burgundian nobleman and Carthusian monk who served as the archbishop of Tarentaise from around 1175 until his death. From 1186, he was a prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He took part in the Third Crusade in 1189.
Giovanni Codagnello was an Italian notary and historian.
The Deeds of the Emperor Frederick on the Holy Expedition is a short, anonymous Latin account of Frederick Barbarossa's campaign on the Third Crusade (1189–1190). It was probably written in Italy in the 1190s.
Godfrey of Spitzenberg was a close confidant of Emperor Frederick I and bishop of Regensburg and Würzburg.
The Letter on the Death of the Emperor Frederick is an anonymous Latin newsletter about the sudden death of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa on 10 June 1190 during the Third Crusade. The letter was written by an eyewitness before the crusader army arrived at Antioch on 19 June. It begins with the reception of Frederick's crusade by Béla III of Hungary on 4 June 1189, followed by a brief account its progress through Hungary, Byzantium and Turkey. It ends with the army's arrival in Tarsus on 17 June 1190.
De itinere navali is an anonymous Latin account of the siege and capture of Silves in 1189, one of the expeditions of the Third Crusade. It was written by an eyewitness shortly after the events it records. It is known from a single copy made a few decades later. It has been translated into English three times.
The siege of Silves was an action of the Third Crusade and the Portuguese Reconquista in 1189. The city of Silves in the Almohad Caliphate was besieged from 21 July until 3 September by the forces of Portugal and a group of crusaders from northern Europe on their way to the siege of Acre. The defenders capitulated on terms, the city was handed over to Portugal and the crusaders took a portion of the spoils.
Nicholas was the bishop of Silves (1189–1191) and bishop of Viseu (1192–1213) during the Portuguese Reconquista.
