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"Tautiška giesmė" or "Lietuvos himnas", also known by its incipit "Lietuva, Tėvyne mūsų", is the national anthem of Lithuania. The music and lyrics were written in 1898 by Vincas Kudirka, when Lithuania was still part of the Russian Empire. The fifty-word poem was a condensation of Kudirka's conceptions of the Lithuanian state, the Lithuanian people, and their past. Shortly before his death in 1899, the anthem was performed for Lithuanians living in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Kudirka is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Its feminine forms are: Kudirkienė and Kudirkaitė. The Dictionary of Lithuanian surnames says that the surname is of uncertain origin, probably related to the French surname Couderc.
A Lithuanian personal name, as in most European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name followed by the family name. The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. Lithuanian names always follow the rules of the Lithuanian language. Lithuanian male names have preserved the Indo-European masculine endings. These gendered endings are preserved even for foreign names.
Kubilius is a Lithuanian language family name, literally meaning "the cooper". It may refer to:
Žemaitis is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. The name means "Samogitian" in Lithuanian. Its feminine forms are: Žemaitienė and Žemaitytė.
Karosas is a Lithuanian surname. The word literally means "carp". Notable people with the surname include:
Butkus is the masculine form of a Lithuanian family name. Its feminine forms are: Butkienė or Butkuvienė and Butkutė. The surname is derived from the diminutive form Butkus of the Lithuanian given name Butkintas.
Mockus is a surname of Lithuanian origin. It is a diminutive from the given name Mãtas, Motiẽjus, Matthew. The surname may refer to:
Bagdonas is a Lithuanian language family name. The word is the Lithuanized form of the Slavic name Bogdan, meaning 'God Given'.
Budrys is a Lithuanian surname. It evolved from the ancient Lithuanian personal name Budrys. The patronymic surname Budraitis is derived from this given name.
Galdikas is a Lithuanian surname.
Tūbelis is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Budraitis is a Lithuanian patronymic surname derived from the ancient Lithuanian given name Budrys. Notable people with the surname include:
Girdenis is a Lithuanian surname. It evolved from the ancient Lithuanian personal name Girdenis. Notable people with the surname include:
Baltakis is a Lithuanian surname originated from the Lithuanian nickname "Baltakis" literally meaning "white-eyed". A number of Lithuanian placenames are named after their founders or owners with this name: lt:Baltakiškė, lt:Baltakiškis, lt:Baltakiškės apylinkė.
Kazickas is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bastys is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bernatonis is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Domarkas is a Lithuanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
A number of Lithuanian surnames evolved from the ancient pre-Christian Lithuanian personal names, such as Budrys, Girdenis, Tylenis, Vilkas, Amantas, Bukantas, Rimgaila, Vizgirda, Tarvydas. Many of them are of compound type, typically consisting of two stems, and many are of single stem. Sometimes the order of these stems may reverse, e.g., Norvaišas vs. Vaišnoras, Tautvydas vs. Vytautas.
References
- ↑ Juozas Kudirka , The Lithuanians: An Ethnic Portrait, section Lithuanian surnames (translation of the book: Juozas Kudirka, Lietuviai: etniniai bruožai, 1991)
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