Politics of Solomon Islands takes place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic,constitutional monarchy. Solomon Islands is an independent Commonwealth realm,where executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and a multi-party parliament.
The politics of Tuvalu takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy,whereby the monarch is the head of state,represented by the governor-general,while the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government.
Solomon Islands,also known simply as the Solomons,is a country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Melanesia,part of Oceania,to the northeast of Australia. It is directly adjacent to Papua New Guinea to the northwest,Australia to the southwest,New Caledonia and Vanuatu to the southeast,Fiji,Wallis and Futuna,and Tuvalu to the east,and Nauru and the Federated States of Micronesia to the north. It has a total area of 28,896 square kilometres,and a population of 734,887 according to the official estimates for mid 2023. Its capital,Honiara,is located on the largest island,Guadalcanal. The country takes its name from the wider area of the Solomon Islands archipelago,which is a collection of Melanesian islands that also includes the Autonomous Region of Bougainville,but excludes the Santa Cruz Islands.
Rennell and Bellona is one of the nine provinces of Solomon Islands,comprising two inhabited atolls,Rennell and Bellona,or Mu Ngava and Mu Ngiki respectively in Rennellese,as well as the uninhabited Indispensable Reef. Rennell and Bellona are both Polynesian-inhabited islands within the predominantly Melanesian Solomons. They are thus considered Polynesian outliers. The first known European to sight the islands was Mathew Boyd of Camberwell,London,commander of the merchant ship,Bellona,in 1793. The province has a combined population of 3,041,the least populous province of Solomon Islands. The Samoic language of the islands is,in English texts,called Rennellese. The province's capital is Tigoa,on Rennell Island.
Tuvalu elects a legislature on a national level. The Parliament of Tuvalu has 16 members,elected for a four-year term in 8 double-seat constituencies. Tuvalu is a de facto non-partisan democracy since it does not have political parties. The political system is based on personal alliances and loyalties derived from clan and family connections. It does tend to have both a distinct government and a distinct opposition. The 16 members of the current parliament are elected from eight two-seat constituencies via plurality block voting.
Rennell Island,locally known as Mugaba,is the main island of two inhabited islands that make up the Rennell and Bellona Province in the nation state of Solomon Islands. Rennell Island has a land area of 660 square kilometres (250 sq mi) that is about 80 kilometres (50 mi) long and 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) wide. It is the second largest raised coral atoll in the world with the largest lake in the insular Pacific,Lake Tegano,a lake that is listed as a World Heritage Site. Rennell Island has a population of about 1,840 persons of Polynesian descent who primarily speak Rennellese,Pijin and some English. Rennell and Bellona Islands are two of the few islands in the otherwise Melanesian Solomon Islands archipelago classified as a Polynesian outlier;others being Sikaiana,Ontong Java,Tikopia,Anuta,Duff Islands,and some Reef Islands.
Andrew John Refshauge is a former Australian politician who was Deputy Premier of New South Wales from 1995 to 2005,a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1983 and 2005,and a senior minister in the Carr ministry.
Manasseh Damukana Sogavare is a Solomon Islander politician who has served as the prime minister of Solomon Islands since 24 April 2019. He previously held the office in 2000–2001,2006–2007,and 2014–2017;in all,he has served over nine years as prime minister. Before becoming prime minister,Sogavare served in the National Parliament representing East Choiseul since 1997.
Kerryn Lyndel Phelps is an Australian medical practitioner,public health and civil rights advocate,medical educator and former politician.
David Derek Sikua served as the prime minister of Solomon Islands from 20 December 2007 to 25 August 2010. He is a member of the Solomon Islands Liberal Party.
Clay Forau Soalaoi,more commonly referred to as Clay Forau,is a Solomon Islands politician.
General elections were held in the Solomon Islands on 4 August 2010. The election date was announced in May 2010 by Prime Minister Derek Sikua. Although the announcement was deemed to be premature,as only the Governor General has the authority to announce the election date upon the advice of the Electoral Commission,the election date remained the same.
Daniel Leonard James Poulter is a British politician who was elected at the 2010 UK general election as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Central Suffolk and North Ipswich. Poulter is a psychiatrist,and served as a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Department of Health between September 2012 and May 2015. Initially elected as a Conservative,he defected to Labour in April 2024.
Charles Sigoto is a Solomon Islands politician.
Joses Tuhanuku is a Solomon Islands politician and former trade union leader. He served three terms in Parliament before losing his seat in the 2006 general election.
Dr. Falesa Pitoi is a Tuvaluan politician.
Dickson Mua Panakitasi,primarily known as Dickson Mua,is a Solomon Islands politician.
Puakena Boreham is an anaesthetist who became a Tuvaluan politician,when she was elected to represent Nui in the 2015 Tuvaluan general election. She was not re-elected in the 2024 Tuvaluan general election.
General elections were held in Solomon Islands on 3 April 2019 to determine the composition of the 11th Parliament. The election was the first to occur since the conclusion of the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI) in 2017. Parliament passed amendments to the electoral act in 2018 that included the introduction of pre-polling,a significant increase in campaign budgets for candidates and stricter penalties for individuals committing electoral offences such as vote-buying. Ten of the thirteen parties that contested the election won seats,and the Solomon Islands Democratic Party and the Kadere Party were the parties that secured the highest amount,winning eight each. However,as in previous elections,independent candidates won the largest share of seats,securing 21.
Dr Michael Joseph Holland is an Australian politician and former obstetrician in southern NSW. He is a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was elected at the 2022 Bega state by-election for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.
