 Sea thiasos Amphitrite Poseidon Glyptothek Munich 239 front | |
  Temple of Neptune Shown in ancient Rome | |
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| Coordinates | 41°53′41″N12°28′27″E / 41.8946°N 12.4742°E |
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The Temple of Neptune (Latin: Aedes Neptuni) was an ancient Roman temple dedicated to Neptune on the Campus Martius near the Circus Flaminius in Rome.
It was built in 220 BC, though the earliest mention of a temple dedicated to Neptune dates to 206 BC, relating to its doors and altar. [1] A new temple was built by consul Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus to commemorate his naval victory at Philippi over Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus - he may have vowed a temple to Neptune on the eve of battle in return for success in it. He began construction sometime after his arrival back in Rome in 32 BC and placed a sculptor by Scopas inside it showing Neptune, Thetis and Achilles surrounded by Nereids, Tritons and sea monsters [2] If still in use during the 4th-century, it would have been closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire.
A large frieze, known as Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus, showing a lustratio of a Roman army and a sea thiasus probably comes from this temple - it is now split between the Louvre in Paris and the Glyptothek in Munich.
The church of San Salvatore in Campo was long thought to be built on the temple's foundations, but the church is probably too far from the Circus Flaminius for this to be correct.
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was a general and politician of ancient Rome in the 1st century BC.
Antonia the Elder was a niece of the first Roman emperor, Augustus, being the eldest daughter of Octavia the Younger and her second husband, the Triumvir Mark Antony. She married Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus and became the paternal grandmother of the emperor Nero.
Neptune is the Roman god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. In the Greek-inspired tradition, he is a brother of Jupiter and Pluto; the brothers preside over the realms of heaven, the earthly world, and the seas. Salacia is his wife.
The Via Aquitania was a Roman road created in 118 BC in the Roman province of Gaul. It started at Narbonne, where it connected to the Via Domitia. It then went toward the Atlantic Ocean, via Toulouse and Bordeaux, covering approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi).
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was a member of the imperial Julio-Claudian dynasty of Ancient Rome. Domitius was the son of Antonia Major. He married Agrippina the Younger and became the father of the emperor Nero.
The Circus Flaminius was a large, circular area in ancient Rome, located in the southern end of the Campus Martius near the Tiber River. It contained a small race-track used for obscure games, and various other buildings and monuments. It was "built", or sectioned off, by Gaius Flaminius in 221 BC. After Augustus divided the city into 14 administrative regions, the Circus Flaminius gave its name to Regio IX, which encompassed the Circus and all of the Campus Martius west of the Via Lata.
Gnaeus, also spelled Cnaeus, was a Roman praenomen derived from the Latin naevus, a birthmark. It was a common name borne by many individuals throughout Roman history, including:
Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was the son of consul Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus and Aemilia Lepida. His mother was a paternal relative of the triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. His paternal grandmother was Porcia. Ahenobarbus married Antonia Major and through his son with her he became the grandfather of emperor Nero.
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was a consul of Rome in 192 BC.
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was a Roman general and senator who served as consul in 122 BC. He led a campaign to conquer southern Gaul against the Allobroges together with his successor Quintus Fabius Maximus Allobrogicus. Domitius was active in the early development of southern Roman Gaul, establishing the first Roman colony at Colonia Narbon Martius, and sponsored projects such as the Via Domitia connecting Italy to Spain through southern Gaul. He was probably also the sponsor of the Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus in the Temple of Neptune in Rome. Ahenobarbus was censor in 115 BC and became pontifex at an unknown date before dying c. 104 BC.
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was tribune of the people in 104 BC. He was the son of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, and brother of Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. The College of Pontiffs elected him pontifex maximus in 103.
The Temple of Apollo Sosianus is a Roman temple dedicated to Apollo in the Campus Martius, next to the Theatre of Marcellus and the Porticus Octaviae, in Rome, Italy. Its present name derives from that of its final rebuilder, Gaius Sosius.
Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, consul in 54 BC, was an enemy of Julius Caesar and a strong supporter of the aristocratic party in the late Roman Republic.
The Temple of Bellona was a temple dedicated to the goddess of war Bellona in ancient Rome. It was located at the northern end of the Forum Olitorium, the Roman vegetable market, near the Carmental Gate. The Temple of Apollo Sosianus and the Theater of Marcellus were located nearby.
Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was a politician in ancient Rome during the late 2nd and early 1st century BC. He served as praetor in Sicily, probably in 96 BC, shortly after the Second Servile War, when slaves had been forbidden to carry arms. He ordered a slave to be crucified for killing a wild boar with a hunting spear. He was consul in 94 BC. In the civil war between Gaius Marius and Sulla, he took the side of the latter, and was murdered at Rome by the praetor Damasippus on the orders of Gaius Marius the Younger.
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus was a politician of ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. The son of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, and brother of Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; his name in Latin means "brazen beard", from ahenus - "brazen, bronze-colored", and barbus, itself from barba, the Latin word for "beard". He married Cornelia, daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, who was consul in 87 BC.
The Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus is a series of four sculpted marble plaques that probably decorated a base supporting cult statues in the cella of a Temple of Neptune located in Rome on the Field of Mars.
The gens Domitia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. The first of the gens to achieve prominence was Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus, consul in 332 BC. His son, Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus Maximus, was consul in 283, and the first plebeian censor. The family produced several distinguished generals, and towards the end of the Republic, the Domitii were looked upon as one of the most illustrious gentes.
The Temple of Faunus was an ancient Roman temple on the southern end of the Tiber Island in Rome, dedicated to Faunus, the god of flocks. It was the only temple with that dedication in Rome itself.
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