Tennessee has 32 judicial districts with a Chancery Court in each district. Some of these 32 districts have legislatively created Probate Courts. [1] If a particular county did not create a special Probate court, the jurisdiction over the probate stays with the Chancery court. [2]
Tennessee's Chancery Courts are courts of equity. [3] Tennessee's Chancery Court was created in the first half of the 19th Century, and remains one of the few distinctly separate courts of equity in the United States. [4] While the Chancery Court and Tennessee's Circuit Court, the court of general civil and criminal jurisdiction, [3] may share a set of procedural rules in each county, there are some distinct rules applying to the separate courts. [5] [6] Parties in the Chancery Court are entitled to have a jury try issues of material fact. [7]
In 2015, Tennessee's Supreme Court created a pilot Business Court. [8] The Davidson County (Nashville) Chancery Court Part III was designated to serve as the Business Court. [9] [10] Chancellor Ellen Hobbs Lyle [11] was the first Business Court judge and sat on the business court into 2019. [12] In 2017, Davidson County Circuit Court Judge Joe Binkley [13] was appointed a Business Court judge. [14] In 2019, Davidson County Chancellor Anne C. Martin [15] was appointed the Business Court judge and remains in that position (as of July 2024). [10] She was appointed as a Business Court Representative to the American Bar Association's Business Law Section in 2023. [16] Tennessee's Administrative Office of the Courts received a grant from the State Justice Institute to work with the National Center for State Courts to develop a curriculum for expanding business courts in Tennessee and elsewhere. [17]
The Probate Courts are legislatively created courts with jurisdiction over probating wills, estate administration, conservatorships and guardianships. [3] Only two counties, Shelby [18] and Davidson, [19] [20] have Probate Courts. [21] There are only three probate judges in the state. [22] Unless properly designated to another court, probate and estate matters will reside in a Tennessee county’s Chancery Court. [23]