Kazakhstan, the largest country fully within the Eurasian Steppe, has been a historical "crossroads" and home to numerous different peoples, states and empires throughout history.
The politics of Kazakhstan takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Kazakhstan is head of state and nominates the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament.
Willem "Wim" Kok was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) and trade union leader who served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 22 August 1994 until 22 July 2002.
Nursultan Ábishuly Nazarbayev is a Kazakh politician currently serving as the Chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan who previously served as the first President of Kazakhstan, in office from 24 April 1990 until his formal resignation on 19 March 2019. He is one of the longest-ruling non-royal leaders in the world, having ruled Kazakhstan for nearly three decades. He was named First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR in 1989 and was elected as the nation's first president following its independence from the Soviet Union. He holds the title "Leader of the Nation". In April 2015, Nazarbayev was re-elected with almost 98% of the vote, as he ran virtually unopposed.
Kassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev is a Kazakh politician and diplomat. He took office as the president of Kazakhstan on 20 March 2019, succeeding Nursultan Nazarbayev, who resigned on 19 March 2019 after 29 years in office. Tokayev was elected president of Kazakhstan in a snap election on 9 June 2019 with 71% of the popular vote. According to the OSCE, "significant irregularities were observed on election day, including cases of ballot box stuffing, and a disregard of counting procedures meant that an honest count could not be guaranteed." "There were widespread detentions of peaceful protesters on election day in major cities", said the OSCE in their Statement of Preliminary Findings and Conclusions.
The Prime Minister of Kazakhstan is the head of government of Kazakhstan and the second most powerful person in the country after the President of Kazakhstan. The Prime Minister heads the cabinet and advises the President in the every day execution of the functions of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.
Angelino Alfano is an Italian politician served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.
Mikhail Ivanovich Tereshchenko was the foreign minister of Russia from 18 May 1917 to 7 November 1917 (N.S.). He was also a major Ukrainian landowner, the proprietor of several sugar factories, and a financier.
Henricus Gregorius Jozeph "Henk" Kamp is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and nonprofit director.
Tereshchenko is a surname of Ukrainian origin. It originates from the name Teresh through an addition of the Ukrainian paternal suffix -enko.
Berdibek Mashbekuly Saparbayev is a Kazakh politician who was the Minister of Labor and Social Protection of Population in the Government of Kazakhstan from 2005 to 2007 and in 2019, governor of Aktobe Region, Deputy Prime Minister from 2019 to 2020. He's currently serving as an Akim of Jambyl Region.
Jan de Koning was a Dutch politician of the defunct Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and social geographer.
Halbe Zijlstra is a retired Dutch politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 26 October 2017 to 13 February 2018 in the Third Rutte cabinet. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
Legislative elections were held in Kazakhstan on 7 March 1994, alongside local elections. The People's Union of Kazakhstan Unity emerged as the largest party with 33 of the 177 seats, although 64 independents were also elected. Supporters of the President won a clear majority of seats, and around 60% of seats were won by ethnic Kazakhs. Following the elections, Sergey Tereshchenko was reappointed Prime Minister. Voter turnout was 73.5%.
Galymzhan Zhakiyanov is a Kazakh businessman and politician. He owned several companies in Kazakhstan and has served as the akim of Semipalatinsk Region and Pavlodar Region. He was imprisoned from 2002 to 2006 on charges of abuse of office.
Reginald Cooray is a Sri Lankan teacher and politician. He is a former provincial chief minister and a former government minister. He is the 5th Governor of the Northern Province, and was briefly the Governor of the Central Province in April 2018, his tenure lasting for less than 24 hours, making it the shortest of any Governorship in Sri Lankan history.
Sergey Alexandrovych Tereshchenko is a Kazakhstani politician. He served as Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 14 October 1991 to 12 October 1994.
Serikbolsyn Abdildauly Abdildin was a Kazakh economist, politician, First Secretary of the Communist Party from 1996 to 2010, member of the Mazhilis from 1999 to 2004 and a candidate in the 1999 presidential election.
The 1st Congress of the Otan party in Kazakhstan was held on 1 March 1999. President Nursultan Nazarbayev was unanimously chosen to be the chairman by the 385 delegates.
The Tokayev Cabinet was the 4th government of Kazakhstan under the leadership of Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. It was formed shortly after Prime Minister Nurlan Balgimbayev resigned from his post on 1 October 1999 shortly before the legislative election to become the president of Kazakhoil. President Nursultan Nazarbayev named Kassym-Jomart Tokayev as the Acting Prime Minister, who, prior to that, served as the Deputy Prime Minister as well as the Minister of Foreign Affairs under Balgimbayev's cabinet. On 12 October, the Parliament approved Tokayev's nomination to the post of the PM.
