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In blockchain technology, a testnet is an instance of a blockchain powered by the same or a newer version of the underlying software, to be used for testing and experimentation without risk to real funds or the main chain. [1] Testnet coins are separate and distinct from the official mainnet coins, don't have value, and can be obtained freely from faucets. [2]
Testnets allow for the development of blockchain applications without the risk of losing funds. [3]
A bug was discovered in the Bitcoin Core software that gave miners the ability to take down essential parts of the Bitcoin infrastructure (nodes) by sending a 'bad' block to the blockchain. [4]