Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria was the only son and third child of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Duchess Elisabeth of Bavaria (Sisi). He was heir apparent to the imperial throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from birth. In 1889, he died in a suicide pact with his mistress Mary Vetsera at the Mayerling hunting lodge. The ensuing scandal made international headlines.
The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs. During its existence, it was the third most populous monarchy in Europe after the Russian Empire and the United Kingdom. Along with Prussia, it was one of the two major powers of the German Confederation. Geographically, it was the third-largest empire in Europe after the Russian Empire and the First French Empire.
Cisleithania, officially The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, was the northern and western part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in the Compromise of 1867—as distinguished from Transleithania. This name for the region was a common, but unofficial one.
The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is also referred to as the Danubian monarchy or the Austrian monarchy.
The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes referenced in English literature as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe. It was the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic.
The United States of Greater Austria was an unrealised proposal made in 1906 to federalize Austria-Hungary to help resolve widespread ethnic and nationalist tensions. It was conceived by a group of scholars surrounding Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, notably by the ethnic Romanian lawyer and politician Aurel Popovici.
A district is a second-level division of the executive arm of the Austrian government. District offices are the primary point of contact between residents and the state for most acts of government that exceed municipal purview: marriage licenses, driver licenses, passports, assembly permits, hunting permits, or dealings with public health officers for example all involve interaction with the district administrative authority.
Alphons Czibulka was an Austro-Hungarian military bandmaster, composer, pianist and conductor.
Hugo Gerard Ströhl was an Austrian heraldist.
Oskar Adolf Marmorek was a Galician-born Austro-Hungarian architect and Zionist.
The Common Army as it was officially designated by the Imperial and Royal Military Administration, was the largest part of the Austro-Hungarian land forces from 1867 to 1914, the other two elements being the Imperial-Royal Landwehr and the Royal Hungarian Honvéd. However, it was simply known as the Army (Heer) by the Emperor and in peacetime laws, and, after 1918, colloquially called the k.u.k. Armee.
Adjustierung is derived from the German (Austrian) verb adjustieren is in Austrian armed forces the generic term to a defined type uniform, as well as the paraphrase to a specific dress and equipment to be worn by military personnel. However, another historical designation to military uniform, e.g. in the Austro-Hungarian Army (1867–1918), was Montur, and in the Prussian Army Montierung.
The grand title of the emperor of Austria was the official list of the crowns, titles, and dignities which the emperors of Austria carried from the foundation of the empire in 1804 until the end of the monarchy in 1918.
Bernhard Ludwig Buchbinder, pseudonym Gustav Klinger, was an Austro-Hungarian actor, journalist and writer. His best-known operetta libretto remains Die Försterchristl.
Ludwig Julius Eisenberg was an Austrian writer and encyclopedist. He wrote a lexicon of stage artists, among other publications.
Anton Hansgirg was a Bohemian-born Austrian phycologist who described several new species of red algae, green algae, and cryptophytes, in Austria-Hungary between 1880 and 1905.
The Battle of Herkulesfürdő was a military engagement during the Romanian Campaign of World War I. It was fought between Romanian forces on one side and Central Powers forces on the other side. It resulted in a Romanian victory.
The First Battle of Orsova was a World War I military engagement between Austro-Hungarian and German forces on one side and Romanian forces on the other side. The Central Powers failed to advance, the battle thus resulting in a Romanian victory.
The Spielfeld–Trieste railway is a double-track, electrified main line in parts of Austria, Slovenia and Italy. It was built as a section of the Austrian Southern Railway by the state-owned k.k. Südliche Staatsbahn and from 1858 onward operated for decades by the Austrian Southern Railway Company (Südbahngesellschaft), a large private railway company in the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. It runs from Spielfeld-Straß over the Austrian-Slovenian border at the Municipality of Šentilj, continuing via Maribor, Ljubljana and the Slovenian karst to the Adriatic port of Trieste, today in Italy. It continues from Spielfeld-Straß to Vienna as the Southern Railway nowadays.
