Author | George Yule |
---|---|
Language | English |
Subject | linguistics |
Genre | textbook |
Publisher | Cambridge |
Publication date | 1985 (1st ed), 2019 (7th ed) |
Media type | Print (hardcover) |
ISBN | 9780511757754 |
The Study of Language is a textbook by George Yule in which the author provides an introduction to linguistics. It is described as a "highly influential and widely used introductory text on linguistics."
The book was reviewed by Innhwa Park, Sheila M. Embleton and Dan Liu. [1] [2] [3] It also received short reviews from Nigel Musk (University of Linkoping), Stephen Matthews (University of Hong Kong) and Elise Morse-Gagne (Tougaloo College). [4]
Benjamin Lee Whorf was an American linguist and fire prevention engineer. Whorf is widely known as an advocate for the idea that differences between the structures of different languages shape how their speakers perceive and conceptualize the world. This principle has frequently been called the “Sapir–Whorf hypothesis”, after him and his mentor Edward Sapir, but Whorf called it the principle of linguistic relativity, because he saw the idea as having implications similar to Einstein’s principle of physical relativity. The idea, however, follows from post-Hegelian 19th-century philosophy, especially from Wilhelm von Humboldt; and from Wilhelm Wundt's Völkerpsychologie.
Evolutionary linguistics or Darwinian linguistics is a sociobiological approach to the study of language. Evolutionary linguists consider linguistics as a subfield of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology. The approach is also closely linked with evolutionary anthropology, cognitive linguistics and biolinguistics. Studying languages as the products of nature, it is interested in the biological origin and development of language. Evolutionary linguistics is contrasted with humanistic approaches, especially structural linguistics.
Phonology is a branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds. The term refers also to the sound or sign system of any particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but may now relate to
Glottochronology is the part of lexicostatistics which involves comparative linguistics and deals with the chronological relationship between languages.
Language isolates are languages that cannot be classified into larger language families. Korean and Basque are two of the most commonly cited examples, although Korean is actually a member of the Koreanic language family. Others include Ainu in Asia, Sandawe in Africa, and Haida in the Americas. The number of language isolates is unknown.
The open back unrounded vowel, or low back unrounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɑ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is A
. The letter ⟨ɑ⟩ is called script a because it lacks the extra hook on top of a printed letter a, which corresponds to a different vowel, the open front unrounded vowel. Script a, which has its linear stroke on the bottom right, should not be confused with turned script a,, which has its linear stroke on the top left and corresponds to a rounded version of this vowel, the open back rounded vowel.
Indian English has developed a number of dialects, distinct from the General/Standard Indian English that educators have attempted to establish and institutionalise, and it is possible to distinguish a person's sociolinguistic background from the dialect that they employ. These dialects are influenced by the different languages that different sections of the country also speak, side by side with English. The dialects can differ markedly in their phonology, to the point that two speakers using two different dialects can find each other's accents mutually unintelligible.
A diaphoneme is an abstract phonological unit that identifies a correspondence between related sounds of two or more varieties of a language or language cluster. For example, some English varieties contrast the vowel of late with that of wait or eight. Other English varieties contrast the vowel of late or wait with that of eight. This non-overlapping pair of phonemes from two different varieties can be reconciled by positing three different diaphonemes: A first diaphoneme for words like late, a second diaphoneme for words like wait, and a third diaphoneme for words like eight.
Bodish, named for the Tibetan ethnonym Bod, is a proposed grouping consisting of the Tibetic languages and associated Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in Tibet, North India, Nepal, Bhutan, and North Pakistan. It has not been demonstrated that all these languages form a clade, characterized by shared innovations, within Sino-Tibetan.
Samuel Petrus Kleinschmidt was a German/Danish missionary linguist born in Greenland known for having written extensively about the Greenlandic language and having invented the orthography used for writing this language from 1851 to 1973. He also translated parts of the Bible into Greenlandic.
Elaine Tarone is a retired professor of linguistics and is a distinguished teaching professor emerita at the University of Minnesota. She is currently a member of the editorial board of The Modern Language Journal.
Lilias Eveline Armstrong was an English phonetician. She worked at University College London, where she attained the rank of reader. Armstrong is most known for her work on English intonation as well as the phonetics and tone of Somali and Kikuyu. Her book on English intonation, written with Ida C. Ward, was in print for 50 years. Armstrong also provided some of the first detailed descriptions of tone in Somali and Kikuyu.
Peter John Roach is a British retired phonetician. He taught at the Universities of Leeds and Reading, and is best known for his work on the pronunciation of British English.
Laurence James Bauer is a British linguist and Emeritus Professor of Linguistics at Victoria University of Wellington. He is known for his expertise on morphology and word formation. Bauer was an editor of the journal Word Structure. In 2017 he was awarded the Royal Society of New Zealand's Humanities medal.
George Yule is a Scottish-American linguist. He is known for his works on pragmatics and discourse analysis.
Alison Mackey is a linguist who specializes in applied linguistics, second language acquisition and research methodology. She is currently a professor in the Department of Linguistics at Georgetown University. Her research focuses on applied linguistics and research methods.
Susan Gass is an American Kenneth W. Mildenberger Prize-winner linguist. She is currently a professor emerita, retired from the Department of Linguistics, Languages, and Cultures at Michigan State University. Her research focuses on applied linguistics with a special focus on second language learning, corrective feedback, and task-based language learning. She graduated in 1961 from Kingswood School Cranbrook.
Phonology: An Introduction to Basic Concepts is a 1984 book by Roger Lass designed for an introductory course in phonology.
Language: Introductory Readings is a textbook edited by Paul Eschholz, Alfred Rosa and Virginia Clark in which the authors provide an introduction to linguistics. It is described as a well-known introductory text in linguistics.
Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication is a textbook by Adrian Akmajian, Ann K. Farmer, Lee S. Bickmore, Richard A. Demers and Robert M. Harnish in which the authors provide an introduction to linguistics. It is described as a well-known introductory text in linguistics.
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