The Vocation of Man (German : Die Bestimmung des Menschen) is a work by Johann Gottlieb Fichte. The work was originally published by Fichte in 1799 and translated into English by Jane Sinnett in 1846 [1] and by William Smith in 1848. Fichte identifies three distinct stages in the development of faith: 1. Doubt, 2. Knowledge, 3. Faith.
Johann Gottlieb Fichte was a German philosopher who became a founding figure of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kant. Recently, philosophers and scholars have begun to appreciate Fichte as an important philosopher in his own right due to his original insights into the nature of self-consciousness or self-awareness. Fichte was also the originator of thesis–antithesis–synthesis, an idea that is often erroneously attributed to Hegel. Like Descartes and Kant before him, Fichte was motivated by the problem of subjectivity and consciousness. Fichte also wrote works of political philosophy; he has a reputation as one of the fathers of German nationalism.
Immanuel Hermann Fichte was a German philosopher and son of Johann Gottlieb Fichte. In his philosophy, he was a theist and strongly opposed to the Hegelian School.
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, later von Schelling, was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him between Johann Gottlieb Fichte, his mentor in his early years, and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, his one-time university roommate, early friend, and later rival. Interpreting Schelling's philosophy is regarded as difficult because of its evolving nature.
Ernst Kuno Berthold Fischer was a German philosopher, a historian of philosophy and a critic.
Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi was an influential German philosopher, literary figure, and socialite. He is notable for popularizing nihilism, a term coined by Obereit in 1787, and promoting it as the prime fault of Enlightenment thought particularly in the philosophical systems of Baruch Spinoza, Immanuel Kant, Johann Fichte and Friedrich Schelling.
Georg Philipp Friedrich Freiherr von Hardenberg, pen name Novalis, was a German aristocrat and polymath, who was a poet, novelist, philosopher and mystic. He is regarded as an influential figure of Jena Romanticism.
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve was a French literary critic.
Ferdinand Freiligrath was a German poet, translator and liberal agitator, who is considered part of the Young Germany movement.
Philipp Christoph Zeller was a German entomologist.
Hermann Ulrici was a German philosopher. He was co-editor of the philosophical journal Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik. He also wrote under the pseudonym of Ulrich Reimann.
Günther Storck was a Traditionalist Catholic bishop from Germany. He was ordained to the priesthood on 21 September 1973 by Blasius Kurz, Roman Catholic apostolic prefect of Yungchow, China, and consecrated – without permission of Pope John Paul II – a bishop on 30 April 1984, in Etiolles, France, by sedeprivationist bishop Guerard des Lauriers.
Christian Wilhelm Braune was a German anatomist. He is known for his excellent lithographs of cross-sections of the human body, and his pioneer work in biomechanics. He also pioneered the use of frozen cadavers for anatomical investigations.
Matthias Joseph Scheeben was a German Catholic theological writer and mystic. "The generations that followed Scheeben regarded him as one of the greatest minds of modern Catholic theology."
Hubert Fichte was a German novelist.
Friedrich Philipp Immanuel Niethammer, later Ritter von Niethammer, was a German theologian, philosopher and Lutheran educational reformer.
Johann Nepomuk Ehrlich was an Austrian theologian and philosopher born in Vienna.
Johann Joachim Spalding was a German Protestant theologian and philosopher of Scottish ancestry who was a native of Tribsees, Swedish Pomerania. He was the father of Georg Ludwig Spalding (1762–1811), a professor at Grauen Kloster in Berlin.
The following is a list of the major events in the history of German idealism, along with related historical events.
Laurids Smith, also known as Lauritz Smith was a Danish clergyman, philosopher and early animal rights writer. He was Scandinavia's first known advocate of humane treatment of animals.
The Burden of Belief is a book by the Catholic author Ida Friederike Görres about the challenges of Christian faith in the modern era. The book was first published in German in 1932 as Von der Last Gottes: Ein Gespräch über den Menschen und den Christen under the author's maiden name, Coudenhove. It was translated into English in 1934 by Conrad M.R. Bonacina. The British Dominican priest, Gerald Vann, OP, wrote the introduction to the English edition. It was also translated into French and Dutch.