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Hudbay Minerals Inc. is a diversified Canadian mining company primarily producing copper concentrate and zinc metal. Much of its history has centered on Flin Flon, Manitoba, where it has mined for over 90 years. Hudbay currently has operations in Manitoba and Peru, and is working towards building a copper mine in southern Arizona. The company also has exploration properties in Canada, Peru, Chile and the United States.
Resolution Copper (RCM) is a joint venture owned by Rio Tinto and BHP formed to develop and operate an underground copper mine near Superior, Arizona, U.S. The project targets a deep-seated porphyry copper deposit located under the now inactive Magma Mine. Rio Tinto has reported an inferred resource of 1.624 billion tonnes containing 1.47 percent copper and 0.037 percent molybdenum at depths exceeding 1,300 metres (0.81 mi). The proposed mine is one of the largest copper resources in North America. Following the passage of the 2015 National Defense Authorization Act, many Native American and conservation groups oppose the copper mine because it will destroy the area above Oak Flat and around the deposit.
Mount Toromocho is a mountain in the Junín Region, Peru that sits next to the long established mining camp of Morococha and hosts a large polymetallic metal deposit. Toromocho means in Spanish "a bull with no horns". It is now owned by the Aluminum Corporation of China (Chinalco), a parent company of Chinalco Mining Corporation International (CMC). Minera Chinalco Perú S.A., a subsidiary of CMC which operates the Toromocho mine, is boosting the mine's productivity with a new production line.
Southern Copper Corporation is a mining company that was founded in 1952. The current incarnation of Southern Copper can be traced to the 2005 acquisition of Southern Peru Copper Corporation by the Mexican copper producer Minera México.
El Teniente is an underground copper mine located in the Chilean Andes, 2,300 m (7,500 ft) above mean sea level. It is in the commune of Machalí in Cachapoal Province, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region, near the company town of Sewell. This was established for the workers and their families.
The mineral industry provides a major source of economic growth in Peru's national development. In 2019, the country was the 2nd largest world producer of copper and silver, 8th largest world producer of gold, 3rd largest world producer of lead, 2nd largest world producer of zinc, 4th largest world producer of tin, 5th largest world producer of boron and 4th largest world producer of molybdenum.
Mining in Ecuador was slow to develop in comparison to other Latin American countries, in spite of large mineral reserves. As late as 2012, according to the United Nations, Ecuador received less foreign direct investment per person than any other country in Latin America. During the 1980s, mining contributed only 0.7 percent to the Ecuadorian economy and employed around 7,000 people. Minerals were located in regions with little to no access, hindering exploration. Ecuador has reserves of gold, silver, copper, zinc, uranium, lead, sulfur, kaolin and limestone. The latter practically dominated the early industry as it was used in local cement plants.
Cerro Verde is a Peru-based mining company. Its activities include the extraction, exploitation and production of copper from the porphyry copper deposit located southeast of the city of Arequipa. In addition, the company holds a copper sale agreement with Sumitomo Metal Mining, as well as a molybdenum sale contract with Climax Molybdenum Company.
Minsur is a Peru-based mining company engaged in the extraction, foundation and refining of tin and copper. It is also involved in the exploration for new minerals deposits, with a focus on gold, silver, lead, and zinc ores.
The Toquepala mine is a large porphyry copper mine in the Tacna Province, Tacna Department, Peru. The mine is an open-pit mine producing copper, molybdenum, rhenium and silver with minor gold and zinc.
Conga Project is a gold mining and copper mining project in Cajamarca Region of Northern Peru. It is a project of Minera Yanacocha, a company mainly owned by Newmont Mining Corporation.
The Quellaveco mine is a large copper mine project located in the south of Peru in the Moquegua Region. It is undergoing government environment approvals for its Environmental Impact Assessment. The last EIA modification was submitted in 2014. The Quellaveco mining property is majority–owned by Anglo American. Quellaveco represents one of the largest copper reserves in Peru and in the world, having estimated reserves of 1.1 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.55% copper. The planned development of the mine estimates a processing capacity of 85000 metric tonnes per day. Fluor Corporation has been assigned as the EPCM contractor for this project.
The Mirador mine is a large copper mine located in the Amazonian province of Zamora-Chinchipe in southern Ecuador. It is one of the largest copper reserves in Ecuador, and the first industrial-scale copper project to be developed in the country. The project has generated an environmental conflict that is emblematic in the national political debate on mining.
Geoservice Ingeniería is a Peruvian firm founded in 1995 which provides engineering and consulting services. It work includes environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies, hydrological studies, construction management, and geotechnical studies.
Las Bambas copper mine is a large open-pit copper mine in Peru. The polymetallic mine is located at altitude of about 4000 meters above sea level in Challhuahuacho District of Cotabambas Province in the Apurímac Region of the southern Peruvian Andes. With over a billion tons of copper ore, the deposit is one of the largest in the world. With about 140,000 tons of copper ore are mined daily, the estimated mine life of at least 20 years. The mine produces 2% of global copper.
Tintaya is a Peruvian copper mine. It was owned by the Swiss corporation Xstrata. The mine is located in the Cusco Region, Espinar Province, Yauri District, southeast of Yauri. The ore processing rate is at 200,000 tonnes per year and the construction phase of the mine asked for US$1.5 billion investment. Bechtel was hired for feasibility and EPCM for the mine.
San Rafael mine is a Minsur tin mining operation located in Puno region, Peru. San Rafael is the third largest tin producer worldwide currently producing 12% of the world's tin.
The protests escalated on 29 September, when four people were killed and dozens injured in clashes between demonstrators and police, prompting President Ollanta Humala to decree a state of emergency.
References
- ↑ "Copper mines" (PDF). southernperu.com. 2011. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
- 1 2 "Peru to negotiate with locals over the $1.4bn Tia Maria copper project". mining-technology.com. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
- 1 2 Taj, Mitra (22 April 2015). "Peruvian foes of Tia Maria copper mine expand month-long protest". Reuters. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ "EIA Services". Digiscend.com. 2014. Retrieved 2014-10-23.
- ↑ "Tia Maria Copper Mine, Peru". Digiscend.com. 2014. Retrieved 2014-12-12.
- ↑ "Peru: Troops deployed after deaths in Tia Maria mine protests". BBC News. 9 May 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.