Related Research Articles
Vargeão Dome is a meteorite crater in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, straddling the municipalities of Vargeão, Faxinal dos Guedes, and Passos Maia.
Campos do Jordão is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte. The population is 52,405 in an area of 290.52 square kilometres (112.17 sq mi). The city is situated 1,628 metres (5,341 ft) above sea level and is the highest city in Brazil.
Toca da Boa Vista (BA-082) is the longest known cave in the Southern hemisphere. It is located within the municipality of Campo Formoso, 11 km east of the town of Lage dos Negros, in the State of Bahia, Brazil. As of 2007 it had over 120 km of mapped passages, which makes it the 13th longest cave in the world. Continued exploration faces typical temperatures of up to 30 Cº.
Correntina is a municipality in the state of Bahia in Brazil, 500 km from Brasilia and 980 km from Salvador. In 2020, the population was estimated at 32,191.
The caves of the Serro da Ramalho karst area in the municipality of Serra do Ramalho, a municipality of the same name in southwestern Bahia State, Brazil, have been explored since the early 2000s. The several large cave systems present a great biospeleological potential. Newly discovered species include the first troglobitic Amblypygi recorded for Brazil, Charinus troglobiusBaptista & Giupponi, 2003, an eyeless harvestman, an as yet undescribed genus of spiders (Ochyroceratidae), and a species of catfish.
The Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute, IHGB, founded on 21 October 1838, is the oldest and traditional authority to promote research and preservation of historical and geographical, cultural and social sciences in Brazil. Its creation, together with the Public Archives of Empire, which amounted to the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, joined the effort of the conservatives during the regency of Pedro de Araújo Lima to build a strong and centralized imperial state.
Campo Formoso is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil. Campo Formoso covers 7,161.83 km2 (2,765.20 sq mi), and has a population of 71,487 with a population density of 9.2 inhabitants per square kilometer. It is about 248 miles from Bahia's capital Salvador. It is famous for the gems, rare stones and caves that are abundant in the area and it is the host of the cement factory, Cimpor. The city is surrounded by green mountains, and on the edge of one of them there are four transmission towers which allow the population to be connected to the Internet, TV, cable TV, wireless and phone. Campo Formoso has hot weather with temperatures of about 25 °C.
Gruta de Maquiné (MG-0243), also Lapa Nova de Maquiné, is the oldest and one of the most commercially visited caves in Brazil. It is located about 5 km (3.1 mi) from Cordisburgo and 143 km (88.9 mi) northwest of Belo Horizonte, in the State of Minas Gerais. The cave has seven huge chambers explored, amounting to 650 m (2,130 ft) (linear) and unevenness of the ground of only 18 m (59 ft). Safety measures like lighting, walkways and handrails allow a multitude of visitors to enjoy safely the wonders of the grotto where the whole journey is accompanied by an experienced local guide.
Gruta do Padre (BA-052) is a cave located halfway between the municipalities of Santana, Santa Maria da Vitória e Canápolis, in the state of Bahia, Brazil. It is currently the third-longest cave in the country being 16,400 meters long and unevenness of 125 meters. Discovered in 1914 by a priest who sought honey in hives that get stuck in the rocks, it was often a place of religious pilgrimage where the locals came to pay their promises until the 1950s.
Gruta das Areias is a complex of caverns located in the region of Lajeado, in the municipality of Iporanga, São Paulo, Brazil. It is therefore part of the Areias System, located in the southwestern part of the carbonatic area Lajeado-Bombas, on the right bank of the Betari river, in the municipality of Iporanga, southeast of the state. It comprises the caves Ressurgência das Areias (SP-016), the 5.565 meter-long cave Areias de Cima (SP-018) and the Areias de Baixo (SP-019) cave, also popularly called Areias I and II. It is also part of the so-called Açungui group of caverns formed between the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic, between 1.6 billion and 539 million years ago.
Lapa Terra Ronca or Caverna Terra Ronca I (GO-063), is a dolomitic limestone cave inside the area of the Terra Ronca State Park, which houses the largest collection of caves and grottoes in the midwest with a number of about 200 being that only Terra Ronca and Angelica are open for the tourists. It is located about 400 kilometers from Brasília, midway between the municipalities of São Domingos, Posse e Guarani de Goiás, in the State of Goiás, Brazil.
Abismo Ouro Grosso (SP-054), also Gruta Ouro Grosso, is a 192-metre-deep (630 ft) shaft consisting of waterfalls and natural pools. It was created by the capture of surface rivers by carbonate rocks with subterranean drainage systems in an advanced stage of evolution. First explored by the German naturalist and spelunker Michel Le Bret in the 1970s, it is located at the Nucleo Ouro Grosso, within the borders of the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, in the municipality of Iporanga, 350 kilometres (220 mi) from Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Conjunto São Mateus (GO-011) is a complex of caves measuring 20500 meters long and considered until recently as the largest in Brazil, being replaced by the Toca da Boa Vista. It is located inside Terra Ronca State Park, in the speleologic district of São Domingos, State of Goiás. It is one of the richest in speleothems including the famous "Hall of the Pearls", where visitors should go barefoot to avoid the transposition of sediment. It houses the typical fauna of the caves, including the blind catfish. Inside the cave flows the São Mateus river, forming beaches and leaving successive halls along the way.
Areado Grande is the name given to a group of limestone caves located inside the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, in the municipality of Iporanga, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. It consists of Areado Grande I (SP-077), Areado Grande II (SP-078) being 3400 meters long, Areado Grande III (SP-510) with 6004 linear meters, Areado Grande IV (SP-524), Areado Grande V (SP-525). Other caves in the region of the Areado Grande creek are Toca da Pedra Inclinada, Gruta do Toboga, Gruta do Jeep (SP-086), Gruta da Fenda (SP-087), Gruta do Baixao (SP-088), and Gruta da Cabana (SP-108).
Lapa da Mangabeira (MG-003) is a cave located in the municipality of Ituaçu, Chapada Diamantina, in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Presenting a horizontal projection of 3230 meters and unevenness of 40 meters, being one of the most important pilgrimage centers in the State of Minas Gerais.
Lapa do Convento (BA-002) is a limestone cave measuring 9300 meters long, located in the municipality of Campo Formoso, in the State of Bahia, Brazil.
Protopithecus is an extinct genus of large New World monkey that lived during the Pleistocene. Fossils have been found in the Toca da Boa Vista cave of Brazil, as well as other locales in the country. Fossils of another large, but less robust ateline monkey, Caipora, were also discovered in Toca da Boa Vista.
São Cristóvão Station is a railway station in São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro which is serviced by the Rio de Janeiro Metro and SuperVia.
Caipora is an extinct genus of large New World monkey that lived during the Pleistocene. It contains a single species, Caipora bambuiorum. Fossils have been found only in Brazil's Toca da Boa Vista cave, alongside the larger Protopithecus. The presence of these two large arboreal monkeys in Bahia suggests that the region may have supported a dense forest during the Late Pleistocene.
References
- ↑ Sociedade Brasileira de Espeleologia. "As maiores cavernas do Brasil" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2018-12-08..
- ↑ Sociedade Brasileira de Espeleologia (2011). Ocorrencia de uma nova especie de Coarazuphim (Carabidae: Zuphiini) no Brasil (PDF). SBE. p. 417.
- ↑ Campo Formoso. "Toca da Barriguda". Campo Formoso Noticias. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
