Trailing spouse

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The term trailing spouse is used to describe a person who follows their life partner to another city because of a work assignment. The term is often associated with people involved in an expatriate assignment [1] but is also used by academia on domestic assignments. Other terms may include expat partner, military dependent, and accompanying spouse. [2]

Contents

The earliest citation of the term trailing spouse is attributed to Mary Bralove in a Wall Street Journal article in 1981 titled "Problems of Two-Career Families Start Forcing Businesses to Adapt." [3]

Another personnel man remembers the promising executive he lost because her husband was a dentist who couldn't find a good practice to join in the area. To cope with this problem, some 150 northern New Jersey employers participate in an employer job bank. The bank is designed to provide job leads for "the trailing spouse" of a newly hired or transferred executive.

Trailing spouses are a common phenomenon among military and foreign service households, [4] as well as in private sector companies with employees in different cities, states, and countries. As the conditions of employment require a geographic relocation, the employee's spouse is faced with a major transition that includes personal and professional challenges.

Trailing spouse in economics and sociology

In economics, trailing spouses have been traditionally called tied movers. The term tied mover was coined by Mincer (1978) [5] and it refers to a family migrant who, if single, would not have chosen to migrate. On the other hand, tied stayer is a family non-migrant who, if single, would have chosen to migrate. The issue of family migration decision-making in economics was first approached by Sandell (1977), [6] Mincer (1978) [7] and Polachek and Horvath (1977). [8] These authors recognized that even if the family ’gains’ from migration, on an individual level some family members might ’lose’ from moving. Using a unitary conceptualization of the household, these models predicted that the spouse with a more discontinuous labour force participation and less market earning power (e.g. motherhood, non-market activities) has smaller gains from migration and hence is more likely to be a tied mover.

In sociology, Lichter (1983) [9] emphasized the importance of martial power while Shihadeh (1991) [10] and Bielby and Bielby (1992) [11] argued that gender roles also weighted in the family decision to migrate. According to these last authors, women were more likely to be tied movers or trailing spouses not because of their lower human capital but because of their prescribed role within societies. Some empirical studies in economics have later allowed for gender asymmetric migration by assigning a lower weight to the returns of the wife in the Mincer model (Foged, 2016 [12] ., Krieger, 2019. [13] )

Issues

Notable examples

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References

  1. ↑ Keenan, Brigid (2006). Diplomatic Baggage: The Adventures of a Trailing Spouse. Hachette. ISBN   9780719567261.
  2. ↑ Gupte, Nicole Neroulias (2019-10-19). "What's a Trailing Spouse?". Trailing-Spouse.com. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  3. ↑ Bralove, Mary (July 15, 1981). "Problems of Two-Career Families Start Forcing Businesses to Adapt". The Wall Street Journal.
  4. ↑ "A "Trailing" Spouse? | The Foreign Service Journal - March 2014". www.afsa.org. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  5. ↑ Mincer, J. (1978). "Family migration decisions". Journal of Political Economy. 86 (5): 749–773. doi:10.1086/260710. JSTOR   1828408. S2CID   153628194.
  6. ↑ Sandell, H. S. (November 1977). "Women and the Economics of Family Migration" (PDF). The Review of Economics and Statistics. 59 (4): 406–414. doi:10.2307/1928705. JSTOR   1928705.
  7. ↑ Mincer, J. (1978). "Family migration decisions". Journal of Political Economy. 86 (5): 749–773. doi:10.1086/260710. JSTOR   1828408. S2CID   153628194.
  8. ↑ Polachek and Horvath, S.W. and F.W. (1977). "A Life Cycle Approach to Migration: Analysis of the Perspicacious Peregrinator". 35th Anniversary Retrospective. Research in Labor Economics. Vol. 35. pp. 349–395. doi:10.1108/S0147-9121(2012)0000035037. ISBN   978-1-78190-218-9.
  9. ↑ Lichter, D. T. (1983). "Socioeconomic returns to migration among married women". Social Forces. 62 (2): 487–503. doi:10.2307/2578318. JSTOR   2578318.
  10. ↑ Shihadeh, E.S. (1991). "The prevalence of husband-centered migration: Employment consequences for married mothers". Journal of Marriage and Family. 53 (2): 432–444. doi:10.2307/352910. JSTOR   352910.
  11. ↑ Bielby, W. T. and Bielby D. D. (1992). "I will follow him: Family ties, gender-role beliefs, and reluctance to relocate for a better job". American Journal of Sociology. 97 (5): 1241–1267. doi:10.1086/229901. JSTOR   2781415. S2CID   144413391.
  12. ↑ Foged, M. (2016). "Family migration and relative earnings potentials". Labour Economics. 42: 87–100. doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2016.08.004. S2CID   152963584.
  13. ↑ Krieger, M. (2020). "Tied and Troubled: Revisiting Tied Migration and Subsequent Employment". Journal of Marriage and Family. 82 (3): 934–952. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12620 . S2CID   210495052.
  14. ↑ Knežević, A (April 2013). "I've lost my identity, what have i gained?" (Print). Expatriates Magazine. Paris. pp. 22–23.
  15. ↑ "Trailing-Spouse.com: Our Philosophy". Trailing-Spouse.com. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  16. ↑ "The Trailing Spouse No Longer Need Be Such A Drag". ExpatArrivals.com.
  17. ↑ "Adaptation of Trailing Spouses: Does Gender Matter?". Anne M. Braseby - Florida International University.
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