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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington was an Anglo-Irish army officer and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures in Britain during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, twice serving as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is among the commanders who ended the Anglo-Mysore Wars when Tipu Sultan was killed in the fourth war in 1799 and among those who ended the Napoleonic Wars in a victory when the Seventh Coalition defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.
Richard Colley Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley, was an Anglo-Irish politician and colonial administrator. He was styled as Viscount Wellesley until 1781, when he succeeded his father as 2nd Earl of Mornington. In 1799, he was granted the Irish peerage title of Marquess Wellesley of Norragh. He was also Lord Wellesley in the Peerage of Great Britain.
The Maratha Confederacy, also referred to as the Maratha Empire, was an early modern polity in the Indian subcontinent. It comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent Maratha states often subordinate to the former. It was established in 1674 with the coronation of Shivaji as the Maratha Chhatrapati and recognised by Emperor Bahadur Shah I as a tributary state in 1707 following a prolonged rebellion. Following this, the Marathas continued to recognise the Mughal emperor as their nominal suzerain, similar to other contemporary Indian entities, though in practice, imperial politics at Delhi were largely influenced by the Marathas between 1737 and 1803.
The Battle of Assaye was a major battle of the Second Anglo-Maratha War fought between the Maratha Confederacy and the British East India Company. It occurred on 23 September 1803 near Assaye in western India. An outnumbered Indian and British force, under the command of Major General Arthur Wellesley, defeated the combined Maratha army of Daulatrao Scindia and the Bhonsle Raja of Berar. The battle was Wellesley's first major victory and the one he later described as his finest accomplishment on the battlefield, even more so than his more famous victories in the Peninsular War, and his defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo.
The Second Anglo-Maratha War was a large conflict within the Maratha Confederacy involving the British East India Company. It resulted in major loss of territory for the Marathas, including regions around Delhi and in present-day Gujarat falling into direct Company rule.
The Battle of Laswari took place on 1 November 1803 near Laswari village, Alwar. It was part of the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
The Battle of Argaon took place on 29 November 1803, between the British under the command of Major-General Arthur Wellesley and the forces of the Bhonsles of Berar and the Scindias of Gwalior.
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Mahadaji Shinde, also spelled Scindia, was a Maratha military general and statesman who served as the sixth maharaja of Gwalior from 1768 to 1794. The fifth and youngest son of Ranoji Scindia, the founder of the Scindia dynasty, and is reputed for having restored the Maratha rule over North India and for modernizing his army.
The Gwalior State was a state within the Maratha Confederacy located in Central India. It was ruled by the House of Scindia, a Hindu Maratha dynasty. Following the dissolution of the Confederacy, it became part of the Central India Agency of the Indian Empire under British protection.
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Major General James Stevenson was a British East India Company cavalry officer who saw extensive service throughout the Indian subcontinent. He commanded a cavalry squadron at the battles of Seringapatam and Mallavelly, and in late 1800 he was temporarily appointed as district governor of Mysore. He took part in the Second Anglo-Maratha War in which he served as Major General Arthur Wellesley's senior subordinate and led the successful assaults on the Maratha strongholds at Jalna, Burhanpur and Asirgarh. Stevenson was promoted to major general in January 1805, but he died while aboard a ship returning to England later that year.
Argaon, or Argaum is a village in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra state in (India). Ratnagiri is a coastal district on the Arabian Seafront. The landmass on the western part of Maharashtra along the Arabian Sea, sandwiched between the sea and a mountain range named Sahyadri, is known as Konkan. Argaon is situated in the foothills of the Sahyadri mountains.
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington,, was one of the leading British military and political figures of the 19th century. Often referred to solely as "The Duke of Wellington", he led a successful military career in the Indian subcontinent during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798–99) and the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805), and in Europe during the Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815).
The siege of Ahmednagar was the first battle of the Second Anglo-Maratha War fought between the Maratha Confederacy and the British East India Company. When he determined that a long defensive war would ruin his army, Wellesley decided to act boldly to defeat the numerically larger force of the Marathas.
References
- ↑ "Haryana and its Changing Matters" Haryana, a Historical Perspective. Retrieved 2015-09-10.
- ↑ The dispatches of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, K. G ..., Volume 1 By Arthur Wellesley Wellington (Duke of). 1834. p. 571. Retrieved 4 February 2010.